UPSC Mains 2019 GS2 Q8 — E-governance
Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based Projects/Programmes usually suffers in terms of certain vital factors. Identify these factors, and suggest measures for their effective implementation.
Question Decoded — examiner's intent
- Directive verbs
- Identifysuggest
- Scope keywords
- Implementation of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) based Projects/Programmessuffers in terms of certain vital factorsmeasures for their effective implementation
- Implicit sub-parts
- What are the specific structural, technical, and behavioral bottlenecks (vital factors) that lead to the failure of ICT projects in India?
- How do these factors manifest at different stages: design, execution, and user adoption?
- What specific policy, infrastructure, and skill-based interventions can mitigate these challenges?
- Common pitfalls
- Focusing only on lack of 'internet/electricity' rather than addressing design-stage issues like lack of interoperability or data silos.
- Neglecting the 'human factor' such as digital illiteracy among beneficiaries or resistance to change within the bureaucracy.
- Writing a generic essay on the benefits of Digital India instead of pinpointing why existing projects suffer/fail.
- Providing vague suggestions like 'improve technology' instead of concrete measures like 'Bottom-up design', 'API-first architecture', or 'Standardized Data Privacy protocols'.
- Dimensions required
- Infrastructure & ConnectivityBureaucratic & AdministrativeSocio-Cultural (Digital Divide)Financial & SustainabilityLegal & Security (Data Privacy)
- Marks allocation hint
Devote 60-70 words to identifying 5-6 distinct 'vital factors' categorized by technical, administrative, and social themes. Use the remaining 80 words for forward-looking measures, ensuring each measure directly addresses a factor identified in the first half. Keep the introduction brief by defining ICT in governance.
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