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Q70 (NDA-I/2024) Geography › World Physical Geography Official Key

Which of the following statements regarding 'aurora' is/are correct ? 1. The solar wind upon reaching the Earth's atmosphere is directed towards two magnetic poles and a colourful display of lights is seen in the night sky. 2. The particles interact with the different gases of the atmosphere and each gas glows with a particular colour. 3. In April 2023, aurora was captured in the night sky in India by the Indian Astronomical Observatory at Hanle, Ladakh. Select the answer using the code given below :

Explanation

All three statements are correct:

  • Statement 1: Auroras are luminous displays caused when solar wind (charged particles from the Sun) interacts with Earth's magnetosphere. These particles are funneled by magnetic field lines toward the magnetic poles, where they enter the upper atmosphere.
  • Statement 2: The colors of the aurora depend on the specific atmospheric gases involved. Oxygen typically emits green (lower altitudes) or red (higher altitudes) light, while nitrogen produces blue and purple hues.
  • Statement 3: On April 23-24, 2023, an intense G4-class geomagnetic storm occurred, making the aurora visible at much lower latitudes than usual. The Indian Astronomical Observatory (IAO) at Hanle, Ladakh, captured this rare event using its 360-degree all-sky camera, marking a historic sighting in India.
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