Eukaryotic cells are much more complex as compared to prokaryotes. Which one of the following structures is exclusively present in a eukaryotic cell ?

The correct answer is Option D (Mitochondria). The primary distinction between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells lies in the presence of membrane-bound organelles.

• Mitochondria: These are complex, double-membrane-bound organelles responsible for ATP production. They are found exclusively in eukaryotic cells. Prokaryotes lack mitochondria and instead utilize their plasma membrane for energy metabolism.
• Cell Wall: This structure is found in both prokaryotes (e.g., bacteria) and certain eukaryotes (e.g., plants and fungi), though their chemical composition differs.
• Plasma Membrane: This is a universal feature of all living cells, serving as the outer boundary for both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
• Nucleic Acid: Both cell types contain genetic material in the form of DNA and RNA, which is essential for life and reproduction.

Since mitochondria are membrane-bound organelles, they are absent in simpler prokaryotic organisms.