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Q70 (NDA-II/2023) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) Official Key

In a sexually reproducing organism, which one of the following statements is appropriate both for the parent and offspring ?

Explanation

In sexually reproducing organisms, the constancy of chromosome number and DNA content across generations is maintained through the processes of meiosis and fertilization.

  • Meiosis: During the formation of gametes (sperm and egg), a specialized cell division called meiosis occurs. This is a reduction division that halves the chromosome number and DNA content, creating haploid (n) gametes.
  • Fertilization: When two haploid gametes fuse during fertilization, they form a diploid (2n) zygote. This restores the original chromosome number and DNA content characteristic of the species.

Because of this cycle, the offspring ends up with the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA as the parents. If this reduction and subsequent restoration did not occur, the genetic material would double with every generation, leading to biological instability. Therefore, Option B is correct as both parameters remain constant between parent and offspring.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

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Statement I: Reproduction is the process by which living organisms produce young ones of their species. There are different forms of reproduction. Statement II: Sex organs, male and female, are mandatory for reproduction.

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Consider the following statements : 1. Genetic changes can be introduced in the cells that produce eggs or sperms of a prospective parent. 2. A person's genome can be edited before birth at the early embryonic stage. 3. Human induced pluripotent stem cells can be injected into the embryo of a pig. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

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Statement I: Human beings have 23 pair of chromosomes, one of which is the sex chromosome and the remaining 22 autosomes. The X-linked diseases are related to mutations on a sex chromosome. Statement II: Colour blindness results from a mutation in X-chromosome.