The correct answer is option 2 - Orographic rainfall.

The rain shadow effect is a meteorological phenomenon that occurs when moist air is forced to rise over a mountain range. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, leading to the formation of clouds and precipitation on the windward side of the mountains. This is known as orographic rainfall.

However, on the leeward side of the mountains, the air begins to descend and warm up. This descending air leads to the suppression of cloud formation and precipitation, creating a rain shadow. The rain shadow effect results in a drier climate on the leeward side of the mountains, as the air mass that reaches this area has already lost most of its moisture.

Cyclonic rainfall (option 1) is associated with cyclones or low-pressure systems, where warm moist air rises and condenses due to convergence and uplift of air masses. Convectional rainfall (option 3) occurs when the ground heats up, causing the air to rise and form clouds and precipitation. Frontal rainfall (option 4) occurs when warm and cold air masses meet, leading to the condensation of moisture and precipitation. None of these options are directly related to the rain shadow effect.