The term `Halophiles` comes from the Greek `Hals` meaning salt, and `Phile` which means lover. Thus, Halophiles are organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations. They are a type of extremophile organism.

Option 1, alkaliphiles are organisms who prefer environments with a high pH, or alkaline conditions, not necessarily high salt.

Option 2, calcifuges are plants which primarily grow in acidic soil and do not tolerate high levels of calcium, so they aren`t tied to salt concentration.

Option 4, nitrophiles are organisms that thrive in environments with high levels of nitrogen, so again, this doesn`t indicate a preference for salt.