The correct answer is option 4, the Low stationary stage. In the demographic transition model, the Low stationary stage is characterized by both low birth and death rates. This stage occurs after the Early expanding stage, where birth rates are still high but death rates start to decline. In the Low stationary stage, birth and death rates are relatively low and stable.

Option 1, the High stationary stage, is characterized by both high birth and death rates. This stage occurs before the demographic transition begins and is typically associated with pre-industrial societies where both birth and death rates are high.

Option 2, the Early expanding stage, is characterized by high birth rates and declining death rates. This stage occurs as a result of economic and social development where improvements in healthcare and living conditions start to reduce mortality rates.

Option 3, the Late expanding stage, is characterized by declining birth rates and continuing low death rates. This stage occurs as a result of further economic and social progress where birth rates start to decline due to factors such as increased access to contraception and the desire for smaller families.

Overall, the Low stationary stage is the stage in the demographic transition model where both birth and death rates are low and stable.