The correct answer is option 4: "The Constitution of India is republican because it has no hereditary elements."

To understand why this is the correct answer, let`s first define what a republic is. A republic is a form of government in which the head of state is an elected or appointed official, rather than a hereditary monarch. In a republic, the power lies in the hands of the people or their elected representatives.

Option 1 states that the Constitution of India provides for an elected Parliament. While it is true that India has an elected Parliament, this alone does not make the country republican. Option 2 mentions that the Constitution provides for adult franchise, which means that all adults have the right to vote. While adult franchise is an important aspect of a democratic system, it does not necessarily determine if a country is republican or not.

Option 3 states that the Constitution of India contains a bill of rights. While having a bill of rights is essential for protecting the fundamental rights and freedoms of the people, it is not directly linked to the concept of a republic.

Option 4 correctly states that the Constitution of India is republican because it has no hereditary elements. Unlike a monarchy, where the position of the head of state is inherited, the Constitution of India ensures that