Solar energy is converted into electric energy through

Solar energy is converted directly into electrical energy through Photo voltaic (PV) cells. This conversion is based on the photovoltaic effect, which occurs when photons of sunlight strike a semiconductor material (usually silicon) within the cell, energizing electrons and creating an electric current.

• Leclanché cells and Dry cells are types of primary electrochemical cells that convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy.
• Voltaic cells (or galvanic cells) is a general term for any electrochemical cell that derives electrical energy from spontaneous redox reactions occurring within the cell.

Because PV cells specifically utilize light (photons) rather than chemical reactants to generate electricity, they are the standard technology for solar power generation.