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Which of the following are the main features of 'Saracenic' architecture? 1. Arch 2. Vault and dome 3. Lintel and beam 4. Application of lime cement Select the answer using the code given below.
Explanation
The 'Saracenic' or Indo-Islamic architectural style introduced several distinct features to the Indian subcontinent. Key characteristics include the use of the arch, dome, and vaults, which replaced the traditional Indian trabeate style that relied on lintels and beams [1]. The introduction of these elements allowed for the construction of large, open spaces without the need for numerous internal pillars. Another critical feature was the application of lime cement (mortar) as a binding material, which was essential for the structural integrity of the heavy arches and domes [1]. While traditional Indian architecture utilized the lintel and beam (trabeate) method, the Saracenic style is defined by the arcuate system. Therefore, features 1, 2, and 4 are correct, while feature 3 is characteristic of the indigenous style that the Saracenic features largely replaced or modified [1].
Sources
- [1] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 10: Advent of Arabs and Turks > Architecture > p. 151