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Q48 (IAS/2011) Environment & Ecology › Ecology & Ecosystem Basics › Biogeochemical cycles Answer Verified

Consider the following 1. Photosynthesis 2. Respiration 3. Decay of organic matter 4. Volcanic action Which of the above add carbon dioxide to the carbon cycle on Earth ?

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: C
Explanation

The carbon cycle involves the continuous exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and organisms. Photosynthesis is a process where green plants and phytoplankton consume carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to produce glucose, thereby acting as a carbon sink rather than a source [6]. Conversely, respiration in both plants and animals releases carbon dioxide back into the atmosphere as glucose is broken down for energy [3]. The decay of organic matter by decomposers like bacteria also releases stored carbon as CO2 [1]. Additionally, geological processes such as volcanic action contribute to the cycle by releasing CO2 stored in the Earth's crust and mantle back into the atmosphere [6]. Therefore, while photosynthesis removes CO2, respiration, decay, and volcanic eruptions are primary natural processes that add carbon dioxide to the Earth's carbon cycle.

Sources

  1. [1] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 2: Functions of an Ecosystem > L) The Carbon Cycle > p. 19
  2. [4] https://www.energy.gov/science/doe-explainsthe-carbon-cycle
  3. [6] https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4564695/
  4. [3] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 14: Marine Organisms > The Carbon Cycle and climate change > p. 208
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