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Q109 (IAS/1996) Science & Technology › Biotechnology & Health › Public health epidemiology Answer Verified

Consider the following statements : AIDS is transmitted I. by sexual intercourse. II. by blood transfusion. III. by mosquitoes and other blood sucking insects. IV. across the placenta. Of these statements

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: B
Explanation

HIV (the cause of AIDS) is transmitted through sexual contact via infected semen and genital secretions and through direct transfer of infected blood and blood products, so statements I and II are correct [2]. Mother-to-child (vertical) transmission can occur in utero across the placenta, during delivery, or through breast milk, making statement IV correct as well [2]. Conversely, HIV is not spread by mosquitoes or other blood‑sucking insects; insect bites are not a recognized route of HIV transmission, so statement III is incorrect [3]. Therefore the correct combination is I, II and IV.

Sources

  1. [1] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 8: Natural Hazards and Disaster Management > AIDs/HIVs > p. 81
  2. [2] https://www.smchealth.org/sites/main/files/file-attachments/kassaye_levy_hiv_trans.pdf
  3. [3] https://hivinfo.nih.gov/understanding-hiv/fact-sheets/understanding-hiv-transmission
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