The Rohingya are the minorities of—

The Rohingya are a predominantly Muslim ethnic minority who have lived in Myanmar for centuries, primarily in the northern Rakhine State [1]. Described by the United Nations as one of the most persecuted minorities globally, they have faced systemic discrimination and were denied citizenship by the Myanmar government, rendering them stateless [1]. Significant waves of violence and military 'clearance operations' in 1978, 1991-1992, and most notably in August 2017, forced hundreds of thousands of Rohingya to flee across the border into Bangladesh [1]. While they are indigenous to the Rakhine region (formerly Arakan), the Myanmar authorities have often characterized them as illegal immigrants from Bangladesh [2]. Currently, over one million Rohingya refugees reside in camps in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, following what has been described as a 'textbook example of ethnic cleansing' in Myanmar [1].

Sources

1. [1] https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-41566561
2. [2] Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 3: Contemporary South Asia > Ideas for the Teacher > p. 41