The correct answer is option 2: Boyle`s law. When scuba diving, ascending towards the water surface can lead to a dangerous condition called lung overexpansion injury. This occurs when the pressure in the lungs exceeds the surrounding pressure, causing the lungs to overinflate and potentially burst.
Boyle`s law states that the pressure and volume of a gas are inversely proportional at a constant temperature. As a scuba diver ascends towards the water surface, the pressure around them decreases. However, the air in the lungs remains at the same volume due to Boyle`s law, resulting in an increase in pressure inside the lungs. If the diver does not exhale or equalize the pressure by breathing out, this pressure difference can cause damage to the lungs.
Therefore, the danger of bursting the lungs while ascending in scuba diving is due to Boyle`s law, which describes the relationship between pressure and volume in a gas. It is crucial for divers to practice proper techniques, such as exhaling and equalizing the pressure, to avoid this risk.