The correct answer is option 1: spring tides.

Spring tides occur when the Sun, Moon, and Earth align in a straight line, creating a strong gravitational pull. During spring tides, the high tides are higher than normal, reaching a height that is 20 percent more than the average tide. This increased tidal range is caused by the combined gravitational forces of the Sun and the Moon pulling on the Earth`s oceans.

Option 2, neap tides, are the opposite of spring tides. They occur when the gravitational forces of the Moon and the Sun are perpendicular to each other, resulting in a weaker gravitational pull on the Earth`s oceans. Neap tides produce a smaller tidal range, with low tides being higher than normal tide.

Option 3, apogean and perigean tides, refer to the variation in tides caused by the Moon`s elliptical orbit around the Earth. These tides occur when the Moon is at its farthest (apogee) or closest (perigee) point to Earth. Although they can affect the tidal range, they are not specifically associated with a 20 percent increase in tide height.

Option 4, daily and semi-diurnal tides, refer to the timing