Which one of the following soil is most suitable for cotton cultivation?

Black soil is the most suitable soil for cotton cultivation, so much so that it is widely referred to as 'Black Cotton Soil' or 'Regur' [c1][t1]. This soil type is typical of the Deccan Trap region, formed from basaltic lava flows [c1][c2]. Its high suitability for cotton arises from its clayey texture and exceptional water-retaining capacity, which allows it to hold moisture for long periods, essential for the crop's growth [c2][t2]. Cotton thrives in the drier parts of the Deccan plateau where these mature soils are prevalent [c3]. While cotton can be grown in other soils like alluvial or loamy soils with proper management, black soil remains the primary and most ideal medium in India due to its mineral composition and physical properties [t2][t7]. It is extensively found in Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh, which are leading cotton-producing states [c1][c3].

Sources

1. [1] NCERT. (2022). Contemporary India II: Textbook in Geography for Class X (Revised ed.). NCERT. > Chapter 1: The Rise of Nationalism in Europe > Black Soil > p. 9
2. [2] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 6: Soils > 3. Black or Regur Soils > p. 11
3. [3] NCERT. (2022). Contemporary India II: Textbook in Geography for Class X (Revised ed.). NCERT. > Chapter 4: The Age of Industrialisation > TYPES OF FARMING > p. 87