Consider the following : 1. Bats 2. Bears 3. Rodents The phenomenon of hibernation can be observed in which of the above kinds of animals?

Notes that fruit bats are important pollinators and seed dispersers, indicating that some bat species are active pollinators.

A student could combine this with the fact that many pollinators hibernate seasonally to ask whether pollinating bats (often tropical/fruit bats) follow the same seasonal dormancy patterns as other pollinators.

States a general pattern: 'pollinators come out of hibernation', establishing that hibernation is a known seasonal strategy among pollinating animals.

Use this rule plus knowing which bats act as pollinators to infer that some bat species might hibernate in climates with seasonal resource shortages.

Explains that mammals show different kinds of winter dormancy (true hibernation vs. lighter torpor/deep sleep), establishing that mammalian hibernation is variable.

Combine this pattern with the fact that bats are mammals to reason that if bats do enter dormancy, the form could vary by species and climate (torpor, true hibernation, or reduced activity).

Describes diel activity patterns in biomes, noting nocturnal animals and continuous activity in tropical rainforests.

A student could use this plus location data (tropical vs temperate ranges of bat species) to predict that tropical, continuously active ecosystems likely host non-hibernating bats, whereas temperate bats might hibernate.

Gives examples of seasonal hibernation behaviour in animals (snakes coming out of hibernation), illustrating that hibernation is a seasonal response among diverse taxa.

Extend this general seasonal-hibernation pattern to mammals and then ask whether bat species in seasonal climates exhibit analogous behaviour when resources decline.