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Q63 (IAS/2014) Polity & Governance › Parliament › Parliamentary motions Official Key

Consider the following statements regarding a No-Confidence Motion in India : 1. There is no mention of a No-Confidence Motion in the Constitution of India. 2. A Motion of No-Confidence can be introduced in the Lok Sabha only. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

Both statements are correct.

**Statement 1 is correct:** Article 75 of the Constitution says that the council of ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha, and the Lok Sabha can remove the ministry from office by passing a no-confidence motion[1]. However, the term "No-Confidence Motion" itself is not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution; it is a procedural device that flows from the principle of collective responsibility established in Article 75.

**Statement 2 is correct:** The council of ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha, the ministry stays in office so long as it enjoys confidence of the majority of the members of the Lok Sabha, and the Lok Sabha can remove the ministry from office by passing a no-confidence motion[1]. The motion needs the support of 50 members to be admitted[1]. The Rajya Sabha, being the upper house, does not have the power to move a no-confidence motion against the government.

Sources
  1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 242
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Q. Consider the following statements regarding a No-Confidence Motion in India : 1. There is no mention of a No-Confidence Motion in the Co…
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10

This is a classic 'Text vs. Spirit' trap. While the *principle* (Collective Responsibility) is in Article 75, the *procedure* (No-Confidence Motion) is only in the Lok Sabha Rules (Rule 198). The question tests if you know the difference between the Constitution and the Rule Book.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is a No-Confidence Motion mentioned in the Constitution of India?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > III Simple Majority > p. 239
Presence: 5/5
“Article 100 of the Constitution states that except as otherwise provided in this Constitution, all questions at any sitting of either House or joint sitting of the Houses shall be determined by a majority of votes of the members present and voting. • (a) Passing of the ordinary bills, money bills and financial bills. • (b) Passing of the Adjournment Motion, No- Confidence Motion, Confidence Motion, Censure Motion and Motion of Thanks. • (c) Removal of the Vice-President in the Lok Sabha (Article 67). • (d) Approval of the imposition of the President's Rule (Article 356). • (e) Approval of the proclamation of financial emergency (Article 360). • (f) Election of the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha (Article 93).”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly lists 'No-Confidence Motion' among matters determined by majority under Article 100.
  • Directly ties the procedural status of the no-confidence motion to a constitutional provision (Article 100).
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 242
Presence: 4/5
“It should not raise any question that can be raised on a distinct motion. No-Confidence Motion Article 75 of the Constitution says that the council of ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. It means that the ministry stays in office so long as it enjoys confidence of the majority of the members of the Lok Sabha. In other words, the Lok Sabha can remove the ministry from office by passing a no-confidence motion . The motion needs the support of 50 members to be admitted. Confidence Motion The motion of confidence has come up as a new procedural device to cope with the emerging situations of fractured mandates resulting in hung parliament, minority governments and coalition governments.”
Why this source?
  • Cites Article 75 on collective responsibility and states Lok Sabha can remove the ministry by passing a no-confidence motion.
  • Links the constitutional principle (collective responsibility) to the practical effect of a no-confidence motion.
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > fil l E~ecutive Powers and Functions > p. 257
Presence: 4/5
“The Constitution of India established a parliamentary form of government in which the Executive is responsible to the Parliament for its policies and acts. Hence, the Parliament exercises control over the Executive through question-hour, zero hour, half-an-hour discussion, short duration discussion, calling attention motion, adjournment motion, no-confidence motion, censure motion and other discussions. The ministers are collectively responsible to the Parliament in general and to the Lok Sabha in particular. As a part of collective responsibility, there is individual responsibility, that is, each minister is individually responsible for the efficient administration of the ministry under his/her charge. This means that they continue in office so long as they enjoy the confidence of the majority members in the Lok Sabha. no-confidence motion.”
Why this source?
  • States the Constitution established a parliamentary government and lists no-confidence motion as an instrument by which Parliament controls the executive.
  • Connects constitutional structure (parliamentary responsibility) to the use of no-confidence motions in practice.
Statement 2
In India, can a Motion of No-Confidence be introduced only in the Lok Sabha?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 242
Presence: 5/5
“It should not raise any question that can be raised on a distinct motion. No-Confidence Motion Article 75 of the Constitution says that the council of ministers shall be collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha. It means that the ministry stays in office so long as it enjoys confidence of the majority of the members of the Lok Sabha. In other words, the Lok Sabha can remove the ministry from office by passing a no-confidence motion . The motion needs the support of 50 members to be admitted. Confidence Motion The motion of confidence has come up as a new procedure device to cope with the emerging situations of fractured mandates resulting in hung parliament, minority governments and coalition governments.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly links Article 75 (collective responsibility) to the Lok Sabha and states that the Lok Sabha can remove the ministry by passing a no-confidence motion.
  • Specifies procedural detail that a no-confidence motion is admitted in the Lok Sabha (needs support of 50 members).
  • Directly treats the no-confidence motion as a tool exercised by the Lok Sabha to dismiss the government.
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 243
Presence: 4/5
“Parliament ~ 243 Censure Motion | No-Confidence Motion • Col1: 1.; Col2: It should state the reasons for its adoption in the Lok Sabha.; Col3: 1.; Col4: It need not state the reasons for its adoption in the Lok Sabha. • Col1: 2.; Col2: It can be moved against an individual minister or a group of ministers or the entire council of ministers.; Col3: 2.; Col4: It can be moved against the entire council of minis ters only. • Col1: 3 motion must be passed in the House. Otherwise, it amounts to the defeat of the government. This inaugural speech of the President is an occasion available to the members of Parliament to raise discussions and debates to examine and criticise the government and administration for its lapses and failures.”
Why this source?
  • Tabular comparison identifies the no-confidence motion as something adopted in the Lok Sabha (refers to reasons for its adoption in the Lok Sabha).
  • Distinguishes no-confidence motion procedure/requirement in relation to the Lok Sabha, reinforcing its House-specific character.
Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: LEGISLATURE > Instruments of Parliamentary Control > p. 117
Presence: 4/5
“Through financial control, the legislature controls the policy of the government. No Confidence Motion: The most powerful weapon that enables the Parliament to ensure executive accountability is the no-confidence motion. As long as the government has the support of its party or coalition of parties that have a majority in the Lok Sabha, the power of the House to dismiss the government is fictional rather than real. However, after 1989, several governments have been forced to resign due to lack of confidence of the house. Each of these governments lost the confidence of the Lok Sabha because they failed to retain the support of their coalition partners.”
Why this source?
  • Describes the no-confidence motion as the principal weapon by which Parliament (practically the Lok Sabha) ensures executive accountability.
  • Gives historical context showing governments lost office due to loss of confidence of the Lok Sabha, emphasizing the Lok Sabha's role.
Pattern takeaway: The exam frequently tests 'Negative Knowledge'—knowing what is NOT in the Constitution is as important as knowing what is. Common terms like Budget, Federation, and No-Confidence Motion are favorite targets for this pattern.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Sitter. Direct hit from Laxmikanth, Chapter 'Parliament' (Section: Motions).
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Article 75(3) — Collective Responsibility of the Council of Ministers to the House of the People.
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: 1. **Rule 198** of Lok Sabha Rules governs NCM (not the Constitution). 2. **Support needed:** 50 members to admit. 3. **Censure Motion:** Can be against an individual minister (NCM is against the whole council); requires reasons (NCM does not). 4. **'Budget':** Not in Constitution (it is 'Annual Financial Statement', Art 112). 5. **'Federation':** Not in Constitution (India is a 'Union of States', Art 1).
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: UPSC loves 'Terminological Exactitude'. When studying Polity, always tag terms as 'Constitutional' (e.g., Attorney General) vs. 'Extra-Constitutional/Statutory/Rules' (e.g., Zero Hour, NCM, Shadow Cabinet). Never assume a common term is in the original text.
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Article 100 — majority rule for parliamentary motions
💡 The insight

Reference [9] links Article 100 to the determination by majority of motions including the No-Confidence Motion.

High-yield for UPSC: explains constitutional basis for how parliamentary decisions (including removal of government) are taken by majority; helps answer questions on types of majorities, legislative procedure, and constitutional interpretation. Revise text of Article 100 and practice applying it to motion-related MCQs and mains questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > III Simple Majority > p. 239
🔗 Anchor: "Is a No-Confidence Motion mentioned in the Constitution of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Collective responsibility (Article 75) & no-confidence mechanism
💡 The insight

References [2] and [8] connect Article 75's collective responsibility to the Lok Sabha's power to remove the ministry via a no-confidence motion.

Core constitutional concept frequently tested: shows constitutional source of executive accountability in parliamentary system; links to questions on government formation, fall of ministries, and differences between parliamentary and presidential systems. Learn Article 75, its implications, and past instances of no-confidence outcomes.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 242
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > fil l E~ecutive Powers and Functions > p. 257
🔗 Anchor: "Is a No-Confidence Motion mentioned in the Constitution of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Instruments of Parliamentary Control (no-confidence, censure, adjournment, etc.)
💡 The insight

References [8] and [5] list no-confidence among tools Parliament uses to control the executive.

Useful for prelims and mains: helps classify parliamentary instruments, compare their effects and procedures, and answer polity questions on accountability mechanisms. Memorise types, purposes, and procedural basics; use examples of historical no-confidence motions for application.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > fil l E~ecutive Powers and Functions > p. 257
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: LEGISLATURE > Instruments of Parliamentary Control > p. 117
🔗 Anchor: "Is a No-Confidence Motion mentioned in the Constitution of India?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Collective responsibility under Article 75
💡 The insight

Article 75 ties the council of ministers' responsibility to the Lok Sabha — the constitutional basis for no-confidence motions against the ministry.

High-yield for UPSC: explains why the Lok Sabha, not the Rajya Sabha, is the forum for dismissing the government. Connects Constitutional provisions (Article 75) to parliamentary practice and executive accountability. Learn via linking text of Article 75 to examples of no-confidence outcomes and syllabus questions on parliamentary control.

📚 Reading List :
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 242
🔗 Anchor: "In India, can a Motion of No-Confidence be introduced only in the Lok Sabha?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 No-confidence motion: House-specific procedure and admission threshold
💡 The insight

References state the motion is admitted and acted upon in the Lok Sabha and note the numeric support needed for admission.

Practically useful for objective and mains questions: covers procedural aspects (admission requirement, which House acts) and helps answer 'how/where' questions about parliamentary control. Prepare by memorising key procedural thresholds and contrasting with other motions.

📚 Reading List :
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 242
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 243
🔗 Anchor: "In India, can a Motion of No-Confidence be introduced only in the Lok Sabha?"
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Parliamentary instruments of executive accountability (no-confidence vs censure)
💡 The insight

Evidence compares no-confidence motion with censure motion and locates adoption/actions specifically in the Lok Sabha.

Enables candidates to distinguish similar instruments in answers and interviews. Often tested in comparative MCQs and mains essays on legislative control; practice tabular comparisons and example scenarios to internalize differences.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > ons > p. 243
  • Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: LEGISLATURE > Instruments of Parliamentary Control > p. 117
🔗 Anchor: "In India, can a Motion of No-Confidence be introduced only in the Lok Sabha?"
🌑 The Hidden Trap

The 'Motion of Confidence' (Trust Vote). Unlike the No-Confidence Motion (Rule 198), the Confidence Motion is NOT mentioned in the Rules of Procedure either; it has evolved purely through parliamentary convention and judicial direction.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

Use the 'Source of Power vs. Source of Procedure' heuristic. The Constitution grants the *Power* (to remove a govt via Art 75), but the *Procedure* (the specific motion mechanics) is almost always in the Rules of the House. If a statement claims a specific procedural motion name is in the Constitution, be skeptical.

🔗 Mains Connection

Mains GS-2 (Comparison of Constitutions): Contrast India's NCM with Germany's 'Constructive Vote of No-Confidence', where Parliament cannot dismiss a Chancellor without simultaneously electing a successor. This links to the debate on 'Stability vs. Accountability'.

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