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Q66 (IAS/2014) Science & Technology › ICT, AI, Cybersecurity & Emerging Tech › Digital identity and authentication Official Key

In addition to fingerprint scanning, which of the following can be used in the biometric identification of a person? 1. Iris scanning 2. Retinal scanning 3. Voice recognition Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

Facial recognition, iris scanning, and fingerprint scanning are among the most commonly used biometric[1] identification methods. The most generalized biometric techniques include the automated recognition of fingerprints, faces, iris, retina, hand geometry, voice and signature.[2]

All three options mentioned in the question are valid biometric identification methods:

1. **Iris scanning** is explicitly mentioned as a commonly used biometric technique alongside fingerprint scanning.

2. **Retinal scanning** is also a recognized biometric method. While retinal scan measurement accuracy can be affected by disease, iris fine texture remains remarkably stable[3], indicating that both are distinct but valid biometric techniques.

3. **Voice recognition** is confirmed as a biometric system. Voice recognition is one of the simplest biometric systems, with changes in a person's voice being somewhat due to physical attributes, but mostly due to behaviour patterns.[4]

Therefore, all three methods—iris scanning, retinal scanning, and voice recognition—can be used for biometric identification in addition to fingerprint scanning, making option D (1, 2 and 3) the correct answer.

Sources
  1. [1] https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-24-106293.pdf
  2. [2] https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165168403002019
  3. [4] https://www.svpnpa.gov.in/static/gallery/docs/35_standardizationofphysicalsecurity.pdf
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Q. In addition to fingerprint scanning, which of the following can be used in the biometric identification of a person? 1. Iris scanning 2.…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 10/10
You're seeing a guest preview. The Verdict and first statement analysis are open. Login with Google to unlock all tabs.

This question was a 'General Awareness' check driven by the massive Aadhaar rollout (2009–2014). While textbooks discuss the eye's anatomy (NCERT Science), they don't list biometric applications explicitly. The question tests if you were observing the technology debates surrounding UIDAI rather than just reading the policy details.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Can iris scanning be used for biometric identification of a person in addition to fingerprint scanning?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"with facial recognition, iris scanning, and fingerprint scanning being the most commonly used."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly lists iris scanning together with fingerprint scanning as commonly used biometric identification technologies.
  • Directly ties iris scanning to the same application domain (biometric identification) as fingerprint scanning.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"In addition to fingerprint scanning, which of the following can be used in the biometric identification of a person? 1. Iris scanning"
Why this source?
  • Presents a question that explicitly names iris scanning as an option 'in addition to fingerprint scanning' for biometric identification.
  • Shows that iris scanning is considered a biometric method alongside other modalities (retinal, voice).

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Disbanding Planning Commission and Setting up NITI Aayog > p. 780
Strength: 4/5
“moving unbanked Indians towards organised finance were thus taken. Criticism that privacy and security are affected need to be addressed, but the advantages of the poor getting access to modern finance cannot be denied. A tool for identity mapping that was launched by the UPA in January 2009, Aadhaar was strengthened and institutionalised by the new government. The Unique Identification Authority of India was established as a central government agency with the objective of collecting the biometric and demographic data of residents, storing them in a centralised database, and issuing a 12-digit unique identity number called Aadhaar to each resident.”
Why relevant

States that the Unique Identification Authority of India collects biometric and demographic data and stores them in a centralised database for Aadhaar.

How to extend

A student could note that a system already designed to collect/store biometrics could plausibly accept additional biometric modalities (e.g., iris), and then check external technical/legal sources about which modalities Aadhaar or similar systems support.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 16: Conservation Efforts > 16.r.3. Estimation of Tiger Populations > p. 229
Strength: 3/5
“5I{ANKAR individuals. Now it is largely used as one of the indices of tiger occurrence and relative abundance. • I Recent methods used to estimate the numbers of tigers are camera trapping and DNA fingerprinting. • In camera trapping, the photograph of the tiger is taken and individuals are differentiated on the basis of the stripes on the body. • In the latest technique of DNA fingerprinting, tigers can be identified from their scats.”
Why relevant

Describes use of non-fingerprint biological patterns (camera-trap stripe patterns, DNA fingerprinting) to identify individual animals.

How to extend

One can generalise that identification systems use multiple distinct biological markers, so a student could infer that human identification can likewise use different modalities (including iris) and then consult technical resources on iris-recognition feasibility.

Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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