Question map
With reference to Indian economy, consider the following statements : 1. The rate of growth of Real Gross Domestic Product has steadily increased in the last decade. 2. The Gross Domestic Product at market prices (in rupees) has steadily increased in the last decade. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
Explanation
The correct answer is option B - statement 2 only is correct.
**Statement 1 is incorrect**: The rate of growth of Real GDP did NOT increase steadily during 2005-2014. India experienced significant fluctuations in growth rates during this period. The economy achieved high growth rates of around 9-10% during 2005-2007, but then faced a sharp slowdown due to the global financial crisis of 2008-09. Growth rates declined to around 6.7% in 2008-09 and further decelerated to below 5% during 2012-13 and 2013-14. This clearly shows the growth rate was volatile, not steadily increasing.
**Statement 2 is correct**: Nominal GDP at market prices (measured in rupees) did increase steadily year-on-year throughout the decade. Even when real GDP growth slowed down, nominal GDP continued to rise due to the combination of positive (though fluctuating) real growth and inflation. Nominal GDP accounts for both quantity changes and price changes, so it typically shows a consistent upward trend even during periods of economic slowdown, as long as there is positive growth and inflation.
The key distinction is between the "rate of growth" (which fluctuated) versus the absolute "value" of nominal GDP (which rose steadily).
Sources- [1] https://data360files.worldbank.org/data360-data/data/IMF_WEO/IMF_WEO_NID_NGDP.csv
- [2] https://data360files.worldbank.org/data360-data/data/IMF_WEO/IMF_WEO_NID_NGDP.csv
- [3] https://data360files.worldbank.org/data360-data/data/IMF_WEO/IMF_WEO_NID_NGDP.csv
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a classic 'Trend vs. Fluctuation' trap. The exam tests if you understand the difference between a variable rising (Level) and its speed of rising (Rate). Strategy: In a developing economy, absolute numbers (Nominal GDP) usually go up, but rates (Growth %) always fluctuate due to business cycles.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: For the Indian economy, did the annual rate of growth of real Gross Domestic Product (real GDP) increase steadily year-on-year during the decade 2005–2014 (the ten years preceding 2015)?
- Statement 2: For the Indian economy, did Gross Domestic Product at market prices measured in rupees increase steadily year-on-year during the decade 2005–2014 (the ten years preceding 2015)?
Gives a clear example and rule: real GDP level can rise steadily while the percentage change (growth rate) falls (11.2% → 4.6%).
A student could apply this distinction to 2005–2014 year‑by‑year data to check whether growth rates rose or fell even if output levels rose.
Provides a numeric example where real GDP increases across years but growth rates decline (8%, 3.7%, 2.7%), illustrating a growth‑slowdown pattern.
Compare the 2005–2014 sequence of annual growth rates to see if they show a similar monotonic rise or the opposite slowdown.
Notes a change in GDP computation methodology around 2015 (factor cost → market prices), signalling that measurement conventions may affect comparability across periods.
When examining 2005–2014 growth rates, ensure the student uses consistently computed series (or adjusts for methodological breaks) before judging steadiness.
Shows this exact proposition appears as an exam-style statement ('The rate of growth of Real GDP has steadily increased in the last decade'), implying it is a commonly questioned/contestable claim.
Use the hint that the claim is contested to motivate checking actual year‑wise growth figures for 2005–2014 rather than assuming it true.
Another past-question framing the proposition for a five‑year period, indicating test writers treat 'steady increase in growth rate' as a distinct, checkable property.
Extend the same approach used for five‑year checks to the full 2005–2014 period: obtain annual growth rates and test if each year exceeds the previous.
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