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Q16 (IAS/2015) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) › Gandhian mass movements Official Key

With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations of the 'Sedition Committee'. 2. In Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhiji tried to utilize the Home Rule League. 3. Demonstrations against the arrival of Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is option B (statements 1 and 2 only).

**Statement 1 is correct:** The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendations made by the Rowlatt Commission, headed by British judge Sir Sidney Rowlatt, to investigate the 'seditious conspiracy' of the Indian people.[1] This commission is also known as the Sedition Committee.

**Statement 2 is correct:** During the Rowlatt Satyagraha, Gandhi organised a Satyagraha Sabha and roped in younger members of Home Rule Leagues and the Pan Islamists.[2] This shows Gandhi actively utilized the Home Rule League networks for the movement.

**Statement 3 is incorrect:** The Rowlatt Satyagraha occurred in 1919, while the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928[3], nearly a decade later. These two events did not coincide; they were separated by approximately nine years. The Rowlatt Satyagraha was one of Gandhi's early mass movements, whereas the Simon Commission protests came much later in the freedom struggle.

Sources
  1. [1] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > The Rowlatt Act > p. 320
  2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act— First Mass Strike > p. 321
  3. [3] https://ncert.nic.in/textbook/pdf/jess302.pdf
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. With reference to Rowlatt Satyagraha, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. The Rowlatt Act was based on the recommendati…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 6.7/10 · 3.3/10

This is a classic 'Timeline + Continuity' question. It tests if you understand the transition of power from Tilak/Besant (Home Rule) to Gandhi, and if you possess a basic chronological map of the freedom struggle (1919 vs 1928). It rewards reading standard texts like Spectrum with attention to 'organizational machinery' rather than just dates.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Was the Rowlatt Act (which led to the Rowlatt Satyagraha) based on the recommendations of the "Sedition Committee" (Rowlatt Committee)?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > The Rowlatt Act > p. 320
Presence: 5/5
“It was based on the recommendations made in the previous year to the Imperial Legislative Council by the Rowlatt Commission, headed by the British judge, Sir Sidney Rowlatt, to investigate the 'seditious conspiracy' of the Indian people. (The committee had recommended that activists should be deported or imprisoned without trial for two years, and that even possession of seditious newspapers would be adequate evidence of guilt.) All the elected Indian members of the Imperial Legislative Council voted against the bill but they were in a minority and easily overruled by the official nominees. All the elected Indian members—who included Mohammed Ali Jinnah, Madan Mohan Malaviya and Mazhar Ul Haq – resigned in protest.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the Act 'was based on the recommendations' of the Rowlatt Commission chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt.
  • Notes the commission investigated 'seditious conspiracy' and recommended detention/deportation without trial—measures that the Act enacted.
THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART III, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: MAHATMA GANDHI AND THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT > 2. The Making and Unmaking of Non-cooperation > p. 289
Presence: 5/5
“At the same time, these were all localised struggles. Then, in 1919, the colonial rulers delivered into Gandhiji's lap an issue from which he could construct a much wider movement. During the Great War of 1914-18, the British had instituted censorship of the press and permitted detention without trial. Now, on the recommendation of a committee chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt, these tough measures were continued. In response, Gandhiji called for a countrywide campaign against the "Rowlatt Act". In towns across North and West India, life came to a standstill, as shops shut down and schools closed in response to the bandh call.”
Why this source?
  • States that 'on the recommendation of a committee chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt' tough wartime measures were continued, linking the committee's recommendation to the Rowlatt Act.
  • Directly connects the committee recommendation to the political response (Gandhi's campaign) against the Rowlatt Act.
Statement 2
Did Mahatma Gandhi attempt to utilize the Home Rule League during the Rowlatt Satyagraha?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act— First Mass Strike > p. 321
Presence: 5/5
“But soon, having seen the constitutional protest meet with ruthless repression, Gandhi organised a Satyagraha Sabha and roped in younger members of Home Rule Leagues and the Pan Islamists. The forms of protest finally chosen included observance of a nationwide hartal (strike) accompanied by fasting and prayer, and civil disobedience against specific laws, and courting arrest and imprisonment. There was a radical change in the situation by now. (i) The masses had found a direction; now they could 'act' instead of just giving verbal expression to their grievances. (ii) From now onwards, peasants, artisans and the urban poor were to play an increasingly important part in the struggle. (iii) Orientation of the national movement turned to the masses permanently.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states Gandhi 'roped in younger members of Home Rule Leagues' when he organised the Satyagraha Sabha for Rowlatt protests.
  • Connects Home Rule League personnel directly to the planning and execution of the Rowlatt Satyagraha.
History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 3: Impact of World War I on Indian Freedom Movement > c) Importance of the Home Rule Movement > p. 34
Presence: 4/5
“(c) Importance of the Home Rule Movement The Home Rule Leagues prepared the ground for mass mobilization, paving the way for the launch of Gandhi's satyagraha movements. Many of the early Gandhian satyagrahis had been members of the Home Rule Leagues. They used the organisational networks created by the Leagues to spread the Gandhian method of agitation. The Home Rule League was the first Indian political movement to cut across sectarian lines and have members from the Congress, League, Theosophist and the Laborites.”
Why this source?
  • Says Home Rule Leagues prepared the ground for Gandhi's satyagraha movements and that many early Gandhian satyagrahis had been League members.
  • Indicates Gandhi used the organisational networks created by the Leagues to spread Gandhian methods of agitation.
History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Advent of Gandhi and Mass Mobilisation > a) Rowlatt Act > p. 46
Presence: 4/5
“Gandhi and his associates were shocked. It was the 'Satyagraha Sabha' founded by Gandhi, which pledged to disobey the Act first. In the place of the old agitational methods. Such as meetings, boycott of foreign cloth and schools, picketing of toddy shops, petitions and demonstrations, a novel method was adopted. Now 'Satyagraha' was the weapon to be used with the wider participation of labour, artisan and peasant masses. The symbol of this change was to be khadi, which soon became the uniform of nationalists. India's Swaraj would be a reality only when the masses awakened and became active in political work.”
Why this source?
  • Notes Gandhi's Satyagraha Sabha (central to the Rowlatt campaign) as the body that pledged disobedience against the Act.
  • Supports the link between Gandhi's Rowlatt movement apparatus and groups (like Home Rule League members) involved in mobilisation.
Statement 3
Did demonstrations against the arrival of the Simon Commission coincide with the Rowlatt Satyagraha?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 3/5
"Demonstrations against the arrival of Simon Commission coincided with Rowlatt Satyagraha."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the two events coincided.
  • Directly ties demonstrations against the Simon Commission to the Rowlatt Satyagraha.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"In 1919, Gandhiji gave a call for a satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act"
Why this source?
  • Gives the date/year for the Rowlatt Satyagraha (1919).
  • Establishes timing of the Rowlatt movement, enabling comparison with Simon Commission dates.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"When the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928, it was greeted with the slogan ‘Go back Simon’."
Why this source?
  • Gives the year the Simon Commission arrived in India (1928).
  • Shows the Simon Commission events occurred almost a decade after the Rowlatt Satyagraha.

India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 1.2 The Rowlatt Act > p. 31
Strength: 5/5
“Emboldened with this success, Gandhiji in 1919 decided to launch a nationwide satyagraha against the proposed Rowlatt Act (1919). This Act had been hurriedly passed through the Imperial Legislative Council despite the united opposition of the Indian members. It gave the government enormous powers to repress political activities, and allowed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years. Mahatma Gandhi wanted non-violent civil disobedience against such unjust laws, which would start with a hartal on 6 April. Rallies were organised in various cities, workers went on strike in railway workshops, and shops closed down.Alarmed by the popular upsurge, and scared that lines of communication such as the railways and telegraph would be disrupted, the British administration decided to clamp down on nationalists.”
Why relevant

Describes the Rowlatt Satyagraha as a nationwide satyagraha launched in 1919 with hartals, rallies and strikes — establishing its time and that it produced mass demonstrations.

How to extend

A student could note the 1919 timing here and compare it with the Simon Commission dates from other snippets to check for overlap.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act— First Mass Strike > p. 321
Strength: 4/5
“Gandhi said that salvation would come when masses were awakened and became active in politics. Satyagraha was to be launched on April 6, 1919 but before it could be launched, there were large-scale violent, anti-British demonstrations in Calcutta, Bombay, Delhi, Ahmedabad, etc. Especially in Punjab, the situation became”
Why relevant

States that satyagraha was to be launched on April 6, 1919 and that large-scale demonstrations occurred before that — reinforcing the Rowlatt-era protest period.

How to extend

Use this to fix the Rowlatt protests in 1919 and then compare to when the Simon Commission arrived (from Simon-related snippets).

Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 15: Struggle for Swaraj > Boycott of the Simon Commission > p. 283
Strength: 5/5
“In November 1927, the British Government appointed the Indian Statutory Commission, known popularly after the name of its Chairman as the Simon Commission, to go into the question of further constitutional reform. All the members of the Commission were Englishmen. This announcement was greeted by a chorus of protest from all Indians.”
Why relevant

Gives the appointment date (November 1927) of the Simon Commission and notes it was greeted by widespread protest — providing the Simon Commission time-frame.

How to extend

Combine this 1927/1928 timing with the 1919 date of Rowlatt Satyagraha to judge whether the events coincided (they appear separated in time).

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 18: Simon Commission and the Nehru Report > Public Response > p. 358
Strength: 5/5
“The commission landed in Bombay on February 3, 1928. On that day, a countrywide hartal was organised and mass rallies held. Wherever the commission went, there were black flag demonstrations, hartals and slogans of 'Simon Go Back'. A significant feature of this upsurge was that a new generation of youth got their first taste of political action.”
Why relevant

Specifies the commission landed on February 3, 1928 and that a countrywide hartal and mass rallies were organised on that day — showing the Simon protests were in early 1928.

How to extend

Compare the explicit 3 Feb 1928 protest date with the 1919 Rowlatt protest period to assess coincidence (chronological mismatch suggests no coincidence).

India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 3 Towards Civil Disobedience > p. 38
Strength: 4/5
“Set up in response to the nationalist movement, the commission was to look into the functioning of the constitutional system in India and suggest changes. The problem was that the commission did not have a single Indian member. They were all British. When the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928, it was greeted with the slogan 'Go back Simon'. All parties, including the Congress and the Muslim League, participated in the demonstrations. In an effort to win them over, the viceroy, Lord Irwin, announced in October 1929, a vague offer of 'dominion status' for India in an unspecified future, and a Round Table Conference to discuss a future constitution.”
Why relevant

Notes the Simon Commission arrived in India in 1928 and was greeted with the slogan 'Go back Simon' with all parties participating — showing the character and nationwide nature of Simon protests.

How to extend

Use this to reinforce that the Simon protests were a distinct, nationwide movement in 1928, which can be compared with the 1919 Rowlatt movement timing.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC frequently tests the 'Transition Phase' (1915-1920). They check if you know that movements don't happen in silos—Gandhi utilized the momentum of the Home Rule Leagues. Chronology remains the most powerful elimination tool for multi-statement history questions.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Sitter. Statement 3 is a chronological blunder (1919 vs 1928) that eliminates two options immediately. Statements 1 and 2 are direct lines from Spectrum/NCERT.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: The 'Emergence of Gandhi' (1915-1920). Specifically, the operational shift from elite constitutional methods to mass Satyagraha.
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the 'Rowlatt Trinity': 1. The Official Name (Anarchical and Revolutionary Crimes Act, 1919). 2. The Resignations (Jinnah, Malaviya, Mazhar-ul-Haq resigned from Imperial Legislative Council). 3. The Aftermath (Hunter Committee 1919). Also, note that the Home Rule League was later renamed 'Swarajya Sabha' by Gandhi in 1920.
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: When reading about a new leader (Gandhi), ask: 'Whose army did he use?' Gandhi didn't build a cadre from scratch overnight; he pivoted the existing Home Rule League networks. Always trace the *human resource* continuity between movements.
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Rowlatt Committee/Commission and its recommendations
💡 The insight

The core claim links the Rowlatt Act directly to recommendations by the Rowlatt (Sedition) Committee/Commission chaired by Sir Sidney Rowlatt.

High-yield for questions on colonial legislation and administrative responses to political dissent; helps explain cause-effect between investigative committees and emergency laws. Master through focused revision of committee reports and resulting laws to answer 'origin and motive' style questions.

📚 Reading List :
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > The Rowlatt Act > p. 320
  • THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART III, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: MAHATMA GANDHI AND THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT > 2. The Making and Unmaking of Non-cooperation > p. 289
🔗 Anchor: "Was the Rowlatt Act (which led to the Rowlatt Satyagraha) based on the recommend..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Colonial repressive measures: detention without trial & press restrictions
💡 The insight

References emphasise the committee's recommendation to continue wartime measures like detention without trial and press censorship, which the Rowlatt Act institutionalised.

Important for understanding legal tools of colonial control and their impact on nationalist mobilisation; useful across polity and modern Indian history questions on civil liberties and colonial governance. Revise by linking specific laws to the measures they authorised and the political responses they provoked.

📚 Reading List :
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > The Rowlatt Act > p. 320
  • India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 1.2 The Rowlatt Act > p. 31
  • THEMES IN INDIAN HISTORY PART III, History CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 11: MAHATMA GANDHI AND THE NATIONALIST MOVEMENT > 2. The Making and Unmaking of Non-cooperation > p. 289
🔗 Anchor: "Was the Rowlatt Act (which led to the Rowlatt Satyagraha) based on the recommend..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Gandhi's mass response (Rowlatt Satyagraha) as reaction to repressive law
💡 The insight

Multiple references show Gandhi launched a nationwide satyagraha specifically in response to the Rowlatt Act, tying legislative origin to political mobilisation.

Crucial for essay and prelims/CSAT questions on movements: explains how legislation provoked non-cooperation tactics; connects legal history to mass politics. Prepare by mapping laws → reactions → leaders, using timeline-based summaries.

📚 Reading List :
  • India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 1.2 The Rowlatt Act > p. 31
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act— First Mass Strike > p. 321
  • Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 15: Struggle for Swaraj > Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act > p. 267
🔗 Anchor: "Was the Rowlatt Act (which led to the Rowlatt Satyagraha) based on the recommend..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Home Rule Leagues as organisational networks
💡 The insight

References show Home Rule Leagues created branches/networks and that Gandhi used League members/networks during the Rowlatt Satyagraha.

High-yield for questions on pre-Gandhian political organisations and their role in mass mobilisation; helps link continuity from Home Rule movements to Gandhian satyagraha. Master by mapping organisations, leaders, geographic reach and how Gandhi incorporated existing networks into his campaigns.

📚 Reading List :
  • History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 3: Impact of World War I on Indian Freedom Movement > c) Importance of the Home Rule Movement > p. 34
  • Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 14: Nationalist Movement 1905—1918 > The Home Rule Leagues > p. 257
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act— First Mass Strike > p. 321
🔗 Anchor: "Did Mahatma Gandhi attempt to utilize the Home Rule League during the Rowlatt Sa..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Satyagraha Sabha and Rowlatt-era mobilisation tactics
💡 The insight

Evidence identifies the Satyagraha Sabha as Gandhi's organising body for the Rowlatt protests and lists tactics (hartal, fasting, civil disobedience) used.

Useful for questions on methods and organisational forms of early Gandhian movements, their evolution and tactical choices; prepares candidates to explain how Gandhi translated organisational links into concrete mass actions. Prepare by memorising timelines, key bodies (e.g., Satyagraha Sabha), and typical tactics.

📚 Reading List :
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 15: Emergence of Gandhi > Satyagraha Against the Rowlatt Act— First Mass Strike > p. 321
  • History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Advent of Gandhi and Mass Mobilisation > a) Rowlatt Act > p. 46
  • Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 15: Struggle for Swaraj > Satyagraha against the Rowlatt Act > p. 267
🔗 Anchor: "Did Mahatma Gandhi attempt to utilize the Home Rule League during the Rowlatt Sa..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Chronology of major nationalist events (Rowlatt Satyagraha vs Simon Commission)
💡 The insight

The references place the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919 and the Simon Commission protests in 1928, so understanding their dates clarifies whether they coincided.

Dates and sequence of major movements are frequently tested in UPSC—knowing precise years prevents chronological errors in answers and essays. This concept links to questions on cause–effect (how WWI/Jallianwala influenced 1919 unrest versus late-1920s constitutional debates). Prepare by making a timeline of key events and cross-checking primary actors and outcomes.

📚 Reading List :
  • India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 1.2 The Rowlatt Act > p. 31
  • India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 3 Towards Civil Disobedience > p. 38
🔗 Anchor: "Did demonstrations against the arrival of the Simon Commission coincide with the..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Forms of mass protest: hartal, rallies, strikes and slogans
💡 The insight

Both sets of references describe hartals, rallies and slogans as the primary means of protest in these movements.

Understanding common protest tactics helps answer questions on methods of mass mobilisation and continuity/change across movements. It appears in polity and modern history mains answers and source-based questions. Learn by categorising movements by tactics and citing references/examples.

📚 Reading List :
  • India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 1.2 The Rowlatt Act > p. 31
  • Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 18: Simon Commission and the Nehru Report > Public Response > p. 358
🔗 Anchor: "Did demonstrations against the arrival of the Simon Commission coincide with the..."
🌑 The Hidden Trap

The 'Satyagraha Sabha' was the specific body formed to organize the Rowlatt protest. Key members who signed the pledge included B.G. Horniman, Jamnadas Dwarkadas, and Shankarlal Banker—all prominent Home Rule Leaguers. This proves the organizational overlap.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

The 'Decade Jump' Hack. Rowlatt Satyagraha is inextricably linked to Jallianwala Bagh (1919). The Simon Commission is linked to the death of Lala Lajpat Rai (1928). These are two distinct eras of the freedom struggle separated by the Non-Cooperation Movement and the Swarajist lull. They cannot 'coincide'. Eliminate Statement 3 -> Answer derived.

🔗 Mains Connection

Mains Polity Link: The Rowlatt Act allowed detention without trial for 2 years. Connect this to Article 22 of the Indian Constitution (Protection against arrest and detention) and modern Preventive Detention laws (UAPA/NSA). The Rowlatt Act is the colonial ancestor of the 'State vs. Civil Liberty' debate.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

NDA-I · 2013 · Q82 Relevance score: 4.11

Consider the following statements : 1. Gandhiji launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919 because of the British measures to impose censorship on the Press. 2. Gandhiji launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha because of the British policy of permitted detention without trial. 3. The Rowlatt Act was restricted to Bombay and Madras Presidency. 4. The agitation against the Rowlatt Act reached climax with the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre in Amritsar. Which of the statements given above are correct?

NDA-II · 2011 · Q1 Relevance score: 2.86

Statement I : Mahatma Gandhi launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha as an all-India mass protest. Statement II : Rowlatt Act was passed by the British Government in 1919 to authorize the government to imprison any person wi thout trial.

CAPF · 2019 · Q118 Relevance score: 2.10

Which of the following statements about Mahatma Gandhi's Satyagraha is/are correct? 1. It was during the course of his campaign against racialism in South Africa that Gandhiji first applied Satyagraha 2. The two vital ingredients of Satyagraha are 'truth' and 'non-violence' 3. The Satyagraha resists evil by inflicting suffering on himself and not by inflicting suffering in the opponent 4. In India, Satyagraha was first tried by Gandhiji in Champaran

CDS-II · 2010 · Q55 Relevance score: 1.85

Which of the following statements regarding Mahatma Gandhi’s philosophy of Satyagraha is/are correct ? 1. Truth and non-violence are its two vital ingredients. 2. The follower of Satyagraha would resist evil but not hate the evil doer, 3. The Satyagrahi would, if necessary, inflict suffering on himself, and also the evil doer. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

IAS · 2003 · Q81 Relevance score: 1.33

With reference to Indian freedom struggle, which one of the following statements is not correct?