Question map
Consider the following pairs : Place of Pilgrimage Location 1. Srisailam : Nallamala Hills 2. Omkareshwar : Satmala Hills 3. Pushkar : Mahadeo Hills Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched?
Explanation
Srisailam is correctly matched with Nallamala[1] Hills, as it is[2] a holy town situated in the Nallamala Hills of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is home to the famous Srisailam Mallikarjuna Temple, one of the twelve Jyotirlinga temples dedicated to Lord Shiva.[1]
The pairing of Omkareshwar with Satmala Hills is incorrect, as Omkareshwar is a sacred town located in the Khandwa district of Madhya Pradesh,[3] India. Omkareshwar is actually situated on an island in the Narmada River, not in the Satmala Hills.
The pairing of Pushkar with Mahadeo Hills is also incorrect, as Pushkar is a holy town situated in the Ajmer district of Rajasthan, India, and is located in the Aravalli[4] Range. Mahadeo Hills are actually sandstone hills located in the Northern part of the Satpura Range, in Southern Madhya Pradesh State, Central India.[5]
Therefore, only pair 1 is correctly matched, making option A the correct answer.
SourcesPROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full viewThis is a classic 'Geo-Culture' intersection question. It tests if you can map cultural sites (Jyotirlingas/Pushkar) to physical features (Hill Ranges) rather than just political states. It is highly fair as it uses Tier-1 locations found in standard NCERTs and Atlases.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Explicitly states Srisailam is in the Nallamala Hills of Andhra Pradesh.
- Names the Srisailam Mallikarjuna Temple as located there, tying the pilgrimage site to the hills.
- Presents the pair 'Srisailam β Nallamala Hills' as correctly matched in a geography question.
- Describes the shrine of Lord Mallikarjuna as situated on a flat top of the Nallamala Hills.
- Reiterates that the pair 'Srisailam: Nallamala Hills' is correctly matched.
- States Srisailam is a holy town situated in the Nallamala Hills.
Mentions 'Nallamala hills' as a named hill range in an exercise question, establishing Nallamala as a recognized physiographic unit.
A student can use this to look up which pilgrimage sites fall within named peninsular hill ranges (e.g., by checking a map to see if Srisailam lies inside the Nallamala boundary).
Describes the common pattern that many important pilgrimage sites are hilltop or mountain shrines reached by treks through hills and forests.
A student could apply this general pattern to suspect Srisailam might be situated in a hilly/forested range and so check its position relative to Nallamala on a map.
Suggests listing pilgrimage spots along with the landforms in which they are found, implying pilgrimage-site location is often linked to specific landform names.
Use this suggested approach to classify Srisailam by landform (hill range) and compare with the Nallamala hills on a geographic map.
Discusses peninsular plateau hill systems (Eastern Ghats, Nilgiri Hills), indicating that many named hill ranges are part of broader peninsular physiography.
A student could extend this by noting Nallamala is a peninsular hill range and then check whether Srisailam falls within that physiographic region on a map.
- Explicitly states the pair 'Omkareshwar: Satmala Hills' is incorrect.
- Gives Omkareshwar's actual location (Khandwa district, on the banks of the Narmada), contradicting placement in the Satmala Hills.
- Lists 'Omkareshwar β Satmala Hills' as one of the pairs in the question.
- Shows the correct answer to the question is 'A' (only Srisailam correctly matched), implying the OmkareshwarβSatmala pairing is incorrect.
Gives the general pattern that many important pilgrimage sites are located on hills or hilltops (examples: Mount Abu, Girnar, ΕhatruΓ±jaya, Sabarimala).
A student could use this rule to treat Omkareshwar as plausibly hill-associated and then check maps or gazetteers to see which named hill range (if any) contains it.
Lists notable pilgrimage centres associated with specific mountain ranges (Himalaya examples), illustrating that shrines are commonly tied to identifiable ranges.
A student can apply the same logic: identify Omkareshwar on a map and see if it is tied to a named range such as the Satmala Hills.
Discusses named hill ranges and hill-station peaks (Mahabaleshwar, Nilgiri Hills) as geographic units used in reference works.
Use standard geographic sources or an atlas to locate Omkareshwar with respect to named hill ranges like Satmala, since reference books commonly link places to such ranges.
Explains the use of physiographic divisions and mapping (locating hills and ranges on a physical map).
A student could follow this mapping approach: locate Omkareshwar on a physical map of India and then locate the Satmala Hills to see if they coincide or are separate.
Shows that standard geography texts explicitly associate famous sites with specific hill ranges (Aravali, Eastern/Western Ghats), implying one should check which range a site belongs to.
Apply the same method: consult an atlas or gazetteer to check whether Omkareshwar is documented as being in the Satmala range.
- Explicitly states the pair "Pushkar: Mahadeo Hills" is incorrect.
- Identifies Pushkar as a holy town in Ajmer district, Rajasthan, located in the Aravalli Range (not Mahadeo Hills).
- Describes Mahadeo Hills as sandstone hills in southern Madhya Pradesh (central India).
- Separately identifies Jagatpita Brahma Mandir as a Hindu temple at Pushkar in Rajasthan, indicating different locations.
Names Mahadeo hills as one of the ranges forming the northern boundary of the Deccan Plateau, indicating their general geographic position in central India.
A student can compare this stated location of the Mahadeo hills on a map with the known location of Pushkar to see if they overlap.
Lists Pushkar among major cultural/pilgrimage places in India, confirming it is a recognized pilgrimage site (so locating Pushkar geographically is relevant to the question).
Use this confirmation to justify looking up Pushkar's precise state/district on an external map or gazetteer and then compare with Mahadeo hills' area.
Gives examples of pilgrimage sites that are explicitly tied to specific hills or hill ranges (e.g., Mount Abu, Girnar), showing that pilgrim sites are often described by their hill locations.
Apply this pattern: check whether Pushkar is similarly associated with a local hill range name (which would support or refute it being in the Mahadeo hills).
Encourages listing famous pilgrimage spots along with the landforms in which they are found, implying that determining a pilgrimage site's landform is a standard way to classify it.
Follow the suggested activity: list Pushkar's landform from a map or atlas and see whether it matches the landform description of the Mahadeo hills.
- [THE VERDICT]: Sitter. This is basic mapping. Pushkar (Rajasthan) cannot be in Mahadeo Hills (MP). If you missed this, your physical mapping is weak.
- [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Physiography of India (Peninsular Ranges) + Indian Culture (Major Pilgrimage Circuits).
- [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Map these: Tirupati (Seshachalam), Vaishno Devi (Trikuta), Kamakhya (Nilachal), Sabarimala (Western Ghats/Periyar), Kedarnath (Garhwal Himalayas), Trimbakeshwar (Brahmagiri/Sahyadri).
- [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Stop memorizing 'Temple X is in State Y'. Start memorizing 'Temple X is on River A or Hill B'. UPSC shifts focus from political boundaries to physical geography.
Several references describe pilgrimage centres located on hills and hilltop shrines (e.g., Sabarimala, Himalayan shrines), highlighting the link between sacred sites and specific landforms.
UPSC often asks about cultural geography linking religion/pilgrimage with physiography. Mastering how shrine location (hilltops, mountains, lakes) relates to landform types helps answer distribution and environmental-impact questions. Prepare by mapping major pilgrimage sites to the landform divisions and practising source-based questions.
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 8: How the Land Becomes Sacred > LET'S EXPLORE > p. 171
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 10. Pilgrimage > p. 30
- Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 6: Environmental Issues > Pilgrimage Tourism in Sensitive Areas > p. 109
The provided excerpts discuss major hill ranges and hill stations (Western Ghats, Nilgiri Hills, Eastern Ghats), which is the physiographic context needed to place pilgrimage sites regionally.
Questions often require identifying which plateau or hill range a site belongs to; knowing key ranges and representative sites/peaks is high-yield. Link this to maps and practice pinpointing sites by physiographic unit to eliminate distractors in MCQs and map questions.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 7. The Western Ghats > p. 61
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 13
References address environmental issues of pilgrimage tourism in fragile regions (Himalaya), including infrastructure, pollution and regulation needs.
UPSC merges physical and human geography with governance/environment topics; understanding environmental impacts and policy responses for pilgrimage sites is useful for GS papers and ethics. Study case examples, policy responses, and regulatory frameworks for sensitive tourist/pilgrim sites.
- Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 6: Environmental Issues > Pilgrimage Tourism in Sensitive Areas > p. 109
- Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 6: Environmental Issues > Recommeqdations / solutions > p. 111
Several references list major pilgrimage centres in the Himalaya, showing how pilgrims are often associated with specific physiographic regions.
UPSC questions often link cultural/religious sites to physical regions; mastering which major shrines belong to which physiographic zone (e.g., Himalayan shrines) helps eliminate options in location-based questions. Prepare by mapping key pilgrimage sites to mountain ranges and major physiographic divisions.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 10. Pilgrimage > p. 30
- Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 6: Environmental Issues > Pilgrimage Tourism in Sensitive Areas > p. 109
References describe Western Ghats and Peninsular plateau hills (e.g., Nilgiri, Mahabaleshwar) emphasizing the need to know different hill ranges and notable peaks.
Many UPSC questions test knowledge of India's hill ranges and associated towns/sites; knowing characteristic examples and regional placement (Western/Eastern Ghats, Deccan plateau extensions) aids in rapid elimination and mapping tasks. Study by linking exemplar sites to their ranges and using maps to reinforce spatial memory.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > 7. The Western Ghats > p. 61
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 12
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > The Peninsular Plateau > p. 13
Evidence highlights hilltop pilgrimage (e.g., Sabarimala) and notes environmental/ infrastructure concerns for Himalayan pilgrimage sites.
Questions may combine cultural geography with environment/policy (pilgrimage tourism, carrying capacity, sanitation). Understanding why shrines are located on hills, pilgrimage logistics, and environmental implications enables integrated answers in GS papers. Revise case studies and policy responses mentioned in sources.
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 8: How the Land Becomes Sacred > LET'S EXPLORE > p. 171
- Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 6: Environmental Issues > Pilgrimage Tourism in Sensitive Areas > p. 109
Reference [1] names the Mahadeo Hills as part of the northern boundary of the Deccan Plateau, a physiographic fact relevant to locating places relative to that range.
UPSC questions often require relating towns/temples to physiographic units; knowing position and role of ranges (like Mahadeo) helps eliminate wrong options and map locations. Link this with NCERT physiography and practice map-based recall.
- INDIA PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Structure and Physiography > The Deccan Plateau > p. 12
The 'Seshachalam Hills' (Tirupati) and 'Nilachal Hills' (Kamakhya) are the logical siblings. Also, note that the Satmala Hills (Maharashtra) are often confused with the Satpura Range (MP/Maharashtra border).
Geographic Dislocation: Pushkar is the most famous site in Rajasthan (Desert/Aravalli). Mahadeo Hills are a core part of the Satpura range in Central India (MP). A desert town cannot be in a central Indian forest range. Eliminate 3 immediately.
Link this to GS-3 Environment: 'Eco-Sensitive Zones' (ESZ). Many pilgrimage sites (like Srisailam in a Tiger Reserve) face carrying capacity issues. Mention the 'PRASHAD Scheme' for infrastructure development in these specific terrains.