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Q91 (IAS/2015) Polity & Governance › Union Executive › Parliamentary system features Official Key

There is a Parliamentary System of Government in India because the

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The defining feature of a Parliamentary System of Government is the principle of collective responsibility of the executive to the legislature. The fundamental principle underlying the working of parliamentary system of government is the principle of collective responsibility. Article 75 clearly states that the council of ministers is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha.[1] The principle of collective responsibility implies that the Lok Sabha can remove the ministry (i.e., council of ministers headed by the Prime Minister) from office by passing a vote of no confidence.[2]

While options A, B, and C are factually correct statements about India's political system, they do not define the parliamentary system. The Council of Ministers is responsible to the Lok Sabha and not Rajya Sabha.[3] This accountability of the executive (Council of Ministers) to the directly elected house (Lok Sabha) is the cornerstone that distinguishes a parliamentary system from a presidential system, where the executive is separately elected and not removable by the legislature through a no-confidence vote.

Sources
  1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 21: Central Council of Ministers > Collective Responsibility > p. 215
  2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 13: Parliamentary System > DEMERITS OF THE PARLIAMENTARY SYSTEM > p. 133
  3. [3] Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: LEGISLATURE > Special Powers of Rajya Sabha > p. 110
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Q. There is a Parliamentary System of Government in India because the [A] Lok Sabha is elected directly by the people [B] Parliament can a…
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Best Answer' trap. All four options are factually true statements about the Indian polity, but only [D] defines the *system* itself. This requires conceptual clarity from NCERT Class XI (Constitution at Work) rather than just rote memorization of articles.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Are members of the Lok Sabha in India's parliamentary system elected directly by the people?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science, Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive > LET'S REMEMBER > p. 142
Presence: 5/5
“The people of India choose their representatives for the Lok Sabha through a direct election (based on universal adult suffrage). The maximum number of members of this House envisaged by the Constitution is 550. The Members of Parliament (MPs) in the Rajya Sabha are elected indirectly by the electoral college that you read about in the previous chapter. Both, the number of Rajya Sabha seats allocated and the number of MPs represented in the Lok Sabha, are based on the population of each state.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states that the people of India choose their representatives for the Lok Sabha through a direct election.
  • Contrasts Lok Sabha (direct election) with Rajya Sabha (indirect election), reinforcing the direct nature for Lok Sabha.
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Composition of Lok Sabha > p. 223
Presence: 5/5
“The maximum strength of the Lok Sabha is fixed at 550. Out of this, 530 members are to be the representatives of the states and 20members are to be the representatives of the union territories. At present, the Lok Sabha has 543 members. Of these, 524 members represent the states and 19 members represent the union territories. I. Representation of States The representatives of states in the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people from the territorial constituencies in the states. The election is based on the principle of universal adult franchise. Every Indian citizen who is above 18 years of age and who is not disqualified under the provisions of the Constitution or any law is eligible to vote at such election.”
Why this source?
  • Says representatives of states in the Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people from territorial constituencies.
  • Mentions universal adult franchise and eligibility to vote, linking voter participation to Lok Sabha elections.
Indian Constitution at Work, Political Science Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: LEGISLATURE > Lok Sabha > p. 106
Presence: 5/5
“The Lok Sabha and the State Legislative Assemblies are directly elected by the people. For the purpose of election, the entire country (State, in case of State Legislative Assembly) is divided into territorial constituencies of roughly equal population. One representative is elected from each constituency through universal adult suffrage where the value of vote of every individual would be equal to another. At present there are 543 constituencies. This number has not changed since 1971 census. The Lok Sabha is elected for a period of five years. This is the maximum.”
Why this source?
  • States that the Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assemblies are directly elected by the people.
  • Explains division into territorial constituencies and one representative elected from each, supporting direct election.
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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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