Q33 (IAS/2016) Environment & Ecology › Climate Change & Global Initiatives › Forest and REDD initiatives Official Key

Which of the following best describes/describe the aim of 'Green India Mission' of the Government of India? 1. Incorporating environmental benefits and costs into the Union and State Budgets thereby implementing the 'green accounting' 2. Launching the second green revolution to enhance agricultural output so as to ensure food security to one and all in the future 3. Restoring and enhancing forest cover and responding to climate change by a combination of adaptation and mitigation measures Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result

Your answer: — · Correct: C

Explanation

The Green India Mission aims at protecting, restoring and enhancing India's forest and tree cover and responding to climate change through a combination of adaptation and mitigation[2] measures[1] that help enhance carbon sinks. The mission recognizes the influences and potential that forests and other natural ecosystems have on climate adaptation/mitigation, and on food, water, environmental and livelihood security[3].

Statement 1 is incorrect as green accounting is not part of the Green India Mission's aims, though it may be relevant to broader environmental governance. Statement 2 is incorrect because the mission is not about launching a second green revolution for agricultural output; rather, it focuses specifically on forest conservation and ecosystem restoration. Therefore, only statement 3 accurately describes the aim of the Green India Mission, making option C the correct answer.

Sources

[1] https://moef.gov.in/uploads/2017/08/Revised%20Mission%20Document.pdf
[2] https://moef.gov.in/uploads/2017/08/Revised%20Mission%20Document.pdf
[3] https://moef.gov.in/uploads/2017/08/Revised%20Mission%20Document.pdf

How others answered

Each bar shows the % of students who chose that option. Green bar = correct answer, blue outline = your choice.

Community Performance

Out of everyone who attempted this question.

62%

got it right

Web / Current Affairs

Online pages / news items supporting the statement

Web source

Presence: 4/5

"Objectives of the present study are as follows: 1) To appraise Green Accounting as an integral part of “Green India” and “Clean India” campaign launched by the Government of India."

Why this source?

The paper explicitly lists as its objective to appraise Green Accounting as an integral part of the "Green India" campaign.
The study draws on reports including the National Mission for a Green India, linking green accounting analysis to the Mission.

Web source

Presence: 2/5

"The objective of the mission is to combat with the evils of climate change through a synthesis of adjustment and alleviation method. The “Green India” mission aims at lowering the environmental pollution, increasing the carbon sinks in the environment"

Why this source?

Describes the Green India Mission's objectives (preserving and conserving greenery) but does not explicitly list green accounting among the mission objectives in the quoted text.
Provides context that the mission focuses on pollution reduction and increasing carbon sinks, which the paper treats alongside green accounting in its analysis.

Indirect textbook clues (5)

How books hint at the answer

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > GREEN GDP > p. 606

Strength: 5/5

“Green GDP is the index of the economic growth of a specific nation which takes into consideration the environmental consequences of the economic growth. To calculate Green GDP, from the final goods and services produced, the cost of natural consumption (i.e. resource depletion, environmental degradation, etc.) is subtracted. It is a measure of how a country is prepared for sustainable economic development. The Centre is initiating the measurement of green GDP of the States. However, it is quite difficult to estimate Green GDP as there are serious challenges in quantifying the amount of depletion in resources or of environmental degradation.”

Why relevant

Defines Green GDP as subtracting environmental degradation/resource depletion from national output and notes the Centre is initiating measurement of States' green GDP.

How to extend

A student could infer that if the Centre is measuring Green GDP for States, related missions (like Green India) might align with or promote such accounting; they could check Green India Mission documents for mention of green accounting or linkages to Green GDP work.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > 24.22. GREEN ECONOMY > p. 342

Strength: 4/5

“• The concept of green economy lacks a globally agreed definition or universal principles. The Rio + 20 outcome document identifies the green economy in the context of sustainable development and poverty eradication, and it affirms that approach will be different according to national circumstances and priorities for each country.• Accordingly, the green economy in India is seen in the context of sustainable development and inclusive economic growth including poverty eradication.”

Why relevant

Explains the concept of 'green economy' as national-policy-dependent and linked to sustainable development and inclusive growth.

How to extend

One could reasonably expect national missions addressing forestry/environment to include economic instruments or accounting measures to align with a green economy approach; verify whether Green India Mission lists budget/accounting aims.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 1: Fundamentals of Macro Economy > Carbon Tax: > p. 29

Strength: 3/5

“Currently, India does not have an (explicit) uniform system of carbon taxation across the country; however, state governments have imposed their own taxes to capture the costs of negative externalities—such as the Green Cess implemented in Goa and the Eco Tax on vehicles entering Mussoorie. One measure introduced by the GOI in 2010 was the Clean Energy Cess which aimed to incentivize the use of clean fuels by increasing the cost of consuming coal and using a portion of the revenue collected to fund research and clean energy projects. However, with the introduction of Goods and Services Tax (GST) in 2017, the Clean Energy Cess was abolished; in its place, a (GST) Compensation Cess on coal production at Rs.400 per tonne was introduced.”

Why relevant

Describes fiscal measures (state green cess, eco tax, Clean Energy Cess) used to capture environmental externality costs through taxation.

How to extend

Shows precedent for fiscal recognition of environmental costs; a student could look for analogous language in Green India Mission about internalizing environmental costs via budgets or cess/earmarked funds.

Macroeconomics (NCERT class XII 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Government Budget and the Economy > 5.1 GOVERNMENT BUDGET — MEANING AND ITS COMPONENTS > p. 66

Strength: 3/5

“There is a constitutional requirement in India (Article 112) to present before the Parliament a statement of estimated receipts and expenditures of the government in respect of every financial year which runs from 1 April to 31 March. This 'Annual Financial Statement' constitutes the main budget document of the government. Although the budget document relates to the receipts and expenditure of the government for a particular financial year, the impact of it will be there in subsequent years. There is a need therefore to have two accounts- those that relate to the current financial year only are included in the revenue account (also called revenue budget) and those that concern the assets and liabilities of the government into the capital account (also called capital budget).”

Why relevant

Summarizes the constitutional/technical framework for preparing annual budgets (distinguishing revenue and capital accounts).

How to extend

A student could use this to assess where 'green accounting' entries would appear in Union/State budgets (revenue vs capital) and then inspect budget documents for such line items linked to the Green India Mission.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 4: Government Budgeting > Government Budgeting > p. 188

Strength: 2/5

“• 11. Which of the following is/are included in the capital budget of the Government of India? [2016] • (i) Expenditure on acquisition of assets like roads, buildings, machinery, etc.• (ii) Loans received from foreign governments• (iii) Loans and advances granted to the States and Union Territories Select the correct answer using the code given below. • (a) (i) only• (b) (ii) & (iii) only• (c) (i) & (iii) only• (d) (i), (ii) & (iii)• 12.”

Why relevant

Provides examples of what is included in government capital budgets and practice of budget categorization.

How to extend

This helps a student reason where environmental asset/liability adjustments or green accounting entries might be recorded and then check whether Green India Mission proposes such budgetary treatment.

Which of the following is/are the aim/aims of "Digital India" Plan of the Government of India ? 1. Formation of India's own Internet companies like China did. 2. Establish a policy framework to encourage overseas multinational corporations that collect Big Data to build their large data centres within our national geographical boundaries. 3. Connect many of our villages to the Internet and bring Wi-Fi to many of our schools, public places and major tourist centres. Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Which of the following is/are considered as India's green initiative (s)? 1. National Green Highways Mission 2. R & D for Clean Coal Technologies 3. National Green Corridor Programme Select the correct answer using the code given below,

Which of the following pairs of initiatives of the Government of India and their objectives is/are correctly matched? 1. Global Capability Centre (GCC) : Reshaping corporate landscape 2. U-WIN Portal : Ease of doing business across states Select the answer using the code given below:

Which of the following statements about 'Green Credit Initiative' is/are correct? 1. It is a response to the challenge of climate change. 2. It promotes plantations on wasteland and river catchment areas. 3. It is a scheme of the Government of India to replace the kerosene oil with solar power used by the rural poor. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Question map

Explanation

PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

Which of the following is/are considered as India's green initiative (s)? 1. National Green Highways Mission 2. R & D for Clean Coal Technologies 3. National Green Corridor Programme Select the correct answer using the code given below,

Which of the following pairs of initiatives of the Government of India and their objectives is/are correctly matched? 1. Global Capability Centre (GCC) : Reshaping corporate landscape 2. U-WIN Portal : Ease of doing business across states Select the answer using the code given below: