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Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history were generally
Explanation
Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history were generally traders.[3] The Banjaras had actively participated in the inter-local trade in the medieval period and supplied food grains, raw materials, textiles, silks, mules and other commodities to the people.[6] Banjaras were specialized traders who carried goods in a large bulk over long distances.[7] They were specialized in carrying bulk goods.[6] From the medieval period onwards, we have records of adivasi communities trading elephants and other goods like hides, horns, silk cocoons, ivory, bamboo, spices, fibres, grasses, gums and resins through nomadic communities like the Banjaras.[8] Agriculture had never been their occupation in their history.[9] Therefore, option D (traders) is the correct answer, while options A (agriculturists), B (warriors), and C (weavers) do not accurately describe the primary occupation of Banjaras during the medieval period.
Sources- [7] History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 14: The Mughal Empire > Trade and Commerce > p. 215
- [8] India and the Contemporary World - I. History-Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 4: Forest Society and Colonialism > Source C > p. 89
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a textbook 'Sitter' directly from NCERT Class VII (Chapter 7) and Class IX. It rewards basic reading of standard texts over obscure research. If you missed this, you are skipping the 'Tribes and Nomads' chapters which are high-yield for Medieval terms.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Were Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history primarily agriculturists?
- Statement 2: Were Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history primarily warriors?
- Statement 3: Were Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history primarily weavers?
- Statement 4: Were Banjaras during the medieval period of Indian history primarily traders?
- Directly answers the posed question and gives a clear classification.
- States that Banjaras were generally traders, which contradicts the claim that they were primarily agriculturists.
- Describes Banjaras' active participation in inter-local trade during the medieval period.
- Notes they specialized in carrying bulk goods and supplied food grains and other commodities, emphasizing transport/trade roles rather than farming.
- Offers a conflicting view that mentions a shift 'first as pastoralists and then as agriculturists.'
- Also qualifies that 'agriculture had never been their occupation,' making the statement about them being primarily agriculturists unclear.
Explicitly describes Banjaras as 'well-known group of graziers' who moved long distances, selling plough cattle and goods for grain and fodder.
A student could combine this with basic knowledge of pastoralism vs settled agriculture to infer Banjaras were pastoral/merchant-nomads rather than settled cultivators.
States that from the medieval period onward nomadic communities like the Banjaras traded forest and other goods, indicating a trading/itinerant function.
One could use this pattern of nomadic trade to question whether such groups practiced settled agriculture as their primary occupation.
Describes the medieval economy as village-based and agrarian with social segmentation and land-based inequality, implying settled agriculture was organised around villages and landholders.
A student could contrast the village-based agrarian structure with the mobile, trading role described for Banjaras to judge whether they fit the profile of primary agriculturists.
Notes that medieval cities had bazaars/markets as central features, signalling demand for goods and intermediaries who supply rural produce to towns.
A student might reason that Banjaras' itinerant trading and cattle-selling fit the role of market suppliers/intermediaries rather than settled farmers.
Shows social groups often combined occupations (e.g., Brahmins engaged in agriculture, trade and war), illustrating occupational diversity among communities.
This suggests the need to check whether Banjaras were multi-occupational or primarily pastoral/trading, rather than assuming they were principally agriculturists.
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