Question map
Which of the following is geographically closest to Great Nicobar ?
Explanation
The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are strategically located, bifurcating the Bay of Bengal from the Andaman Sea, and are in proximity to the Strait of Malacca.[3] Great Nicobar is the southernmost island of the Andaman and Nicobar archipelago. Geographically, Sumatra (Indonesia) lies directly across the narrow channel south of Great Nicobar, separated by a distance of approximately 150 kilometers at the closest point. This makes Sumatra significantly closer than the other options. Sri Lanka is located far to the west in the Bay of Bengal, while Borneo lies to the southeast and Java is positioned much further south in the Indonesian archipelago. The proximity of Great Nicobar to Sumatra is strategically significant, as both flank the vital Strait of Malacca shipping route.
Sources- [1] https://www.orfonline.org/research/ports-and-geopolitics-the-case-of-sino-indian-rivalry-in-the-bay-of-bengal
- [2] https://www.orfonline.org/research/ports-and-geopolitics-the-case-of-sino-indian-rivalry-in-the-bay-of-bengal
- [3] https://www.orfonline.org/research/ports-and-geopolitics-the-case-of-sino-indian-rivalry-in-the-bay-of-bengal
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full viewThis is a classic 'Atlas-Derived' question. Standard books (NCERT/Majid Husain) mention Indira Point and the strategic location near Malacca, but no text explicitly compares distances to these four options. It penalizes 'text-only' readers and rewards those who actively visualize the 'Mental Map' of the Indian Ocean Region.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: What is the shortest distance between Great Nicobar (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India) and the island of Sumatra (Indonesia)?
- Statement 2: What is the shortest distance between Great Nicobar (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India) and the island of Borneo (Kalimantan)?
- Statement 3: What is the shortest distance between Great Nicobar (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India) and the island of Java (Indonesia)?
- Statement 4: What is the shortest distance between Great Nicobar (Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India) and the island of Sri Lanka?
Identifies Indira Point as the extreme southern point of Great Nicobar, providing a concrete reference location on Great Nicobar that should be used when measuring to Sumatra.
A student can take Indira Point as the precise endpoint on Great Nicobar and then use a map or coordinates to measure the nearest distance to Sumatra.
Gives India's southern latitude extent (about 8°4'N), indicating Great Nicobar lies very near the southern limit of India and hence relatively close to equatorial/SE Asian islands like Sumatra.
Use the latitude hint plus a world map or atlas to locate Great Nicobar relative to Sumatra and estimate/compute the shortest separation (e.g., via latitude/longitude differences or map scale).
States the Ten Degree Channel separates Andaman and Nicobar groups and gives a channel width (~150 km), illustrating that channel distances between nearby island groups are measured and reported in these sources.
By analogy, a student can look for similar reported channel or sea-gap measurements (or measure on a map) between Great Nicobar (Indira Point) and Sumatra to obtain the shortest distance.
Identifies Indira Point as the southernmost point of Great Nicobar — the likely reference point on Great Nicobar for measuring a shortest distance to another island.
A student could locate Indira Point on a world map or obtain its coordinates and then measure great‑circle distance to the nearest point of Borneo.
States the Andaman and Nicobar islands lie close to the equator, giving a latitudinal context useful for estimating proximity to Borneo (also near the equator).
Combine this with a map showing Borneo's equatorial position to narrow down plausible short distances between the landmasses.
Gives internal distances within the island chain (Ten Degree Channel ~150 km) and distinguishes Andaman vs Nicobar groups, helping identify that Great Nicobar is at the southern end of the chain.
Use the fact Great Nicobar is the southern end (paired with Indira Point) to choose the correct end of the Indian island chain for measurement toward northern Borneo on a map.
Specifies major peaks and the island names (including Great Nicobar), reinforcing which specific island (Great Nicobar) is being referenced.
Confirm the exact island (Great Nicobar) on a map before measuring distance to Borneo; then obtain coordinates or use scale on map for estimation.
Identifies Indira Point as the extreme southern point of Great Nicobar, providing a definite reference point on Great Nicobar to locate on a map.
A student can look up Indira Point's coordinates on a map/atlas and measure the great‑circle distance from there to Java's nearest coast/island.
Repeats that Indira Point is the southernmost point of the Indian Union (Great Nicobar) and suggests using an atlas to find extents of island groups.
Use an atlas or world map to find Indira Point coordinates and the nearest point on Java, then calculate/estimate the shortest distance.
Gives regional geography of the Nicobar group and scale information (number of islands, separation from Andaman by Ten Degree Channel ~150 km) useful for appreciating inter‑island distances.
Combine this scale context with a map to judge whether the India–Java gap is likely hundreds or thousands of kilometres and to select the nearest Nicobar point (Great Nicobar) for measurement.
States the archipelago is divided into Andaman and Nicobar groups and that their location is important, implying that knowing which group (Nicobar) is closest to Indonesia matters.
A student can use basic geography (Nicobar lies south of Andaman, closer to Indonesia) plus a map to pick the shortest route from Great Nicobar to Java.
Gives India's overall latitudinal/longitudinal extents, which help situate Indian territory eastward toward the Malay Archipelago on a global map.
Use these extents together with an atlas to approximate where Great Nicobar lies within India's longitudes and then compare to Java's longitudes to estimate distance.
Identifies Indira Point as the extreme southern point of Great Nicobar — gives a specific geographic reference on Great Nicobar from which a nearest-distance could be measured.
A student can locate Indira Point on a map/atlas and measure straight‑line distance from that point to the nearest point on Sri Lanka to estimate the shortest separation.
Gives India's latitudinal and longitudinal extent and explicitly mentions Indira Point as the southernmost point of the Indian Union (noting its submergence in 2004) — useful for locating Great Nicobar in spatial coordinates.
Use the latitude/longitude bounds and an atlas or map coordinates for Indira Point and Sri Lanka to compute or approximate the minimum distance.
Describes the Nicobar group and gives regional scale information (Ten Degree Channel ~150 km) which provides a sense of distances between island groups in the area.
Use the given channel width as a scale cue on charts/maps to help estimate distances in the Nicobar–Sri Lanka region when measuring from Great Nicobar to Sri Lanka.
States the archipelago is divided into Andaman and Nicobar groups and that 'their location is very important' — highlights that geographic location of these islands matters for distance estimates.
A student should first identify which subgroup (Nicobar) contains Great Nicobar and then use a map to measure distance to Sri Lanka's nearest coast.
Provides names of peaks and that Great Nicobar is a named island (Mount Thuiller on Great Nicobar), reinforcing the island's identifiable features for map location.
Use the named features (e.g., Mount Thuiller / Great Nicobar) to pinpoint the island on topographic maps before measuring distance to Sri Lanka.
- [THE VERDICT]: Visual Sitter. Not found in text, but obvious in any Oxford/Blackswan Atlas. If you only memorized 'Indira Point', you failed. If you looked at *where* Indira Point is, you scored.
- [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: India's Maritime Neighbourhood & Strategic Chokepoints. Specifically, the 'Island Chain' theory connecting the Bay of Bengal to the Strait of Malacca.
- [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the 'Channel Hierarchy': Coco Channel (Andaman-Myanmar), Duncan Passage (South-Little Andaman), 10 Degree Channel (Andaman-Nicobar), and the **Great Channel (Six Degree Channel)** which separates Great Nicobar from Sumatra (~150 km).
- [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: When a book says 'Strategic Location' or 'Near Malacca Strait', stop reading. Open the Atlas. Measure the gap with your finger. Realize that Great Nicobar is closer to Indonesia (Sumatra) than it is to Chennai or Sri Lanka.
Indira Point is identified in the references as the extreme southern point of Great Nicobar, which is the relevant Indian reference when asking about proximity to Sumatra.
High-yield for boundary and maritime questions: knowing national extreme points (like Indira Point) helps frame questions on international proximity, maritime zones, and strategic geography. Connects to topics on coastal features, tsunami impact (submergence), and India–Southeast Asia geopolitics. Useful for elimination-type map/distance questions and for explaining maritime boundary issues.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 1: India Size and Location > LOCATION > p. 1
The Ten Degree Channel separates the Andaman and Nicobar groups and is a named maritime gap in the same island chain that includes Great Nicobar.
Important for questions on island group physiography, navigational channels, and regional connectivity. Helps aspirants reason about intra-archipelago distances and strategic sea lanes, and links to defence, trade, and regional geography questions.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
References give India's lat-long extents and note the southern location of the Andaman & Nicobar Islands—these data points are the only quantitative coordinates-related material available for estimating distances.
Mastering lat-long reasoning lets aspirants approximate distances and relative positions when direct distances are not provided. It's useful across physical geography, map-based prelims questions, and for developing quick estimation skills for maritime and cross-border proximity problems.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 16: India–Political Aspects > INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES OF INDIA > p. 28
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 1: India Size and Location > LOCATION > p. 1
Indira Point is explicitly identified as the southernmost point of Great Nicobar in the references, so it is the natural geographic reference when estimating distances from Great Nicobar to other landmasses.
High-yield for static geography and strategic/location questions (extreme points, maritime claims). Knowing named extreme points helps in questions on maritime boundaries, shortest-distance calculations, and strategic bases. Connects to topics on Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ) and India’s southern maritime limits.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
The Ten Degree Channel is given as the separator between Andaman and Nicobar groups (with a stated width ~150 km), illustrating how named channels and their widths are used to describe inter-island distances.
Useful for questions on island physiography, maritime geography, and navigation routes. Mastery allows aspirants to reason about relative positions and shortest-sea distances using named channels and straits; links to questions on shipping lanes and strategic chokepoints.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
References note flora elements from Malaysian and Myanmarese strains and equatorial location, which signal geographic proximity of the Nicobars to Southeast Asia (e.g., Malay Archipelago including Borneo).
Helps answer conceptual questions about regional physical geography, biogeography, and transboundary ecological links. Useful for reasoning about proximity to Southeast Asia when direct distance data is absent; connects to topics on climatic zones, vegetation belts, and cross-border environmental issues.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 15: Regional Development and Planning > The Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar (Population: 380,581–2011) > p. 90
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Physical Features of India > Corals > p. 14
The southern extremity of Great Nicobar (Indira Point) is the natural reference point when measuring shortest maritime distance to other islands such as Java.
Extreme points are frequently tested in Indian geography and are essential for questions on maritime boundaries and nearest foreign landfalls. Mastering locations of extremes helps in solving distance and geopolitical boundary problems; practice by locating and comparing extreme points on maps.
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 2: Physiography > Islands of the Bay of Bengal > p. 66
- CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 1: India Size and Location > LOCATION > p. 1
The 'Great Channel' (or Six Degree Channel). This is the specific maritime boundary between Indira Point (Great Nicobar) and Banda Aceh (Sumatra). It is a major international shipping lane. Expect a future question on the 'Six Degree Channel' specifically.
Use the 'Malacca Strait' logic. You know Nicobar is strategic because it guards the entry to the Strait of Malacca. The Strait of Malacca is formed by Malaysia and **Sumatra**. Therefore, to guard it, Nicobar must be physically adjacent to Sumatra. Sri Lanka is on the other side of the Bay; Borneo and Java are too deep inside the archipelago.
Mains GS3 (Security) & GS2 (IR): The 'Great Nicobar Transshipment Port' project is controversial precisely because of this geography. It aims to capture transshipment traffic from the Strait of Malacca (Sumatra side). This geography dictates India's 'Act East' maritime strategy.