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Q51 (IAS/2017) History & Culture › Medieval India › Medieval Indian economy Official Key

Which one of the following was a very important seaport in the Kakatiya kingdom ?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is option B, Motupalli.

Motupalle, also known as Desyuyyakonda-pattana and Velangara, was an important seaport in the time of Ganapati[2], a Kakatiya ruler. This king issued an abhaya-sasana in Saka 1166, corresponding to A.D. 1244, offering protection to foreigners at this port[1], demonstrating its significance for international trade. The Venetian traveller Marco Polo calls the Kakatiya kingdom, Mutfile, i.e. Motupalle, which according to him was reputed for its large-size diamonds and muslins 'as fine as the tissue of spider's web'[3]. This international recognition by Marco Polo and the royal decree protecting foreign merchants clearly establish Motupalli as a very important seaport of the Kakatiya kingdom. While Nelluru is mentioned in the sources as a district headquarters, there is no indication of it being a major seaport during the Kakatiya period.

Sources
  1. [1] https://www.mcrhrdi.gov.in/images/epigraphia/Vol-II.pdf
  2. [2] https://www.mcrhrdi.gov.in/images/epigraphia/Vol-II.pdf
  3. [3] https://www.mcrhrdi.gov.in/images/epigraphia/Vol-II.pdf
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Q. Which one of the following was a very important seaport in the Kakatiya kingdom ? [A] Kakinada [B] Motupalli [C] Machilipatnam (Masuli…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 7.5/10
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This question bridges Medieval History and Regional Culture (Telangana). While standard NCERTs were silent, the 'Mission Kakatiya' government scheme (2014–17) made Kakatiya geography hot current affairs. It tests Economic History (Trade & Ports) rather than political chronology.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Was Kakinada a very important seaport in the Kakatiya kingdom?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 1/5
"Motupalle, also known as Desyuyyakonda-pattana and Velangara, was an important seaport in the time of Ganapati. This king issued an abhaya-sasana in Saka 1166, corresponding to A.D. 1244, offering protection to foreigners at this port."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states which port was important in the Kakatiya period: 'Motupalle ... was an important seaport in the time of Ganapati.'
  • Describes trade-related royal action at that port (an abhaya-sasana offering protection to foreigners), reinforcing Motupalle's prominence rather than naming Kakinada.
  • Does not mention Kakinada as an important Kakatiya seaport, implying the key medieval port was Motupalle.
Web source
Presence: 1/5
"The Venetian traveller Marco Polo calls the Kakatiya kingdom, Mutfile, i.e. Motupalle, which according to him was reputed for its large-size diamonds and muslins ‘as fine as the tissue of spider`s web’."
Why this source?
  • Notes contemporary and foreign recognition of Motupalle's prominence: 'The Venetian traveller Marco Polo calls the Kakatiya kingdom, Mutfile, i.e. Motupalle...'.
  • Praises goods associated with Motupalle (diamonds, muslins), indicating its importance for trade in the Kakatiya period rather than Kakinada.
  • No reference to Kakinada as a significant Kakatiya seaport is present in the passage.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Ports > p. 21
Strength: 4/5
“Vishakhapatnam: Developed in 1933, it has the best natural harbour in the country. It has a huge hinterland in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Chhattisgarh, Madhya Pradesh, and Odisha. Vishakhapatnam port ranked first in India for the last six years in respect of cargo traffic. Its main imports are petroleum, fertilisers, chemicals, machinery, and metals, while iron-ore, manganese ore, leather goods, timber, and food-grains are the main items of exports. Some of the intermediate and minor seaports include Bhimunipatnam, Cuddalore, Kakinada, Kalingapatnam, Machlipatnam. Nagappattinam, and Tuticorin along the eastern coast, and Alappuzha, Calicut, Daman, Kollam, Karwar, Kozhikode, Murad, Porbandar, Tellicherry, Veraval along the west coast of India (Fig.”
Why relevant

Lists Kakinada among intermediate and minor seaports on the eastern coast (modern description), giving a data point about its maritime role.

How to extend

A student could combine this modern classification with a map and historical sources to check continuity of port importance from medieval to modern times for Kakinada.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 12: Bahmani and Vijayanagar Kingdoms > Origin and Expansion > p. 180
Strength: 4/5
“The three big states of the thirteenth century, the Pandyas in Tamil Nadu, the Hoysalas in Karnataka and the Kakatiyas in Andhra had almost been destroyed by the military expeditions of the Delhi Sultanate in the first three decades of the fourteenth century, leaving a big political turbulent political situation vacuum. Within the first four decades, the small principality became a big kingdom through the military activities of the five brothers in different directions. First, the entire core area of the Hoysala kingdom in Karnataka was incorporated into Vijayanagar. The coastal parts of Karnataka were soon taken over and remained an important part of the kingdom until the end.”
Why relevant

States the Kakatiyas were the major power in Andhra in the 13th century, implying they controlled coastal Andhra where Kakinada is located.

How to extend

Use the geographic fact that Kakinada lies in coastal Andhra to infer it was within Kakatiya sphere and then look for specific medieval port records or archaeology.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 9: Cultural Development in South India > Trade > p. 125
Strength: 3/5
“Kanchipuram was an important trading centre in the Pallava period. The merchants had to obtain license to market their goods. Barter system generally prevailed but later the Pallavas issued gold and silver coins. Merchants had their own organizations such as Manigramam. In foreign trade, spices, cotton textiles, precious stones and medicinal plants were exported to Java, Sumatra, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, China and Burma (Myanmar). Mamallapuram was an important seaport. Traders founded guilds and called themselves as sudesi, nanadesi, ainurruvar and others. Their main guild functioned at Aihole. Foreign merchants were known as Nanadesi. It had a separate flag with the figure of bull at the centre, and they enjoyed the right of issuing virasasanas.”
Why relevant

Gives a general pattern that South Indian kingdoms (e.g., Pallavas) had important seaports and active foreign trade networks.

How to extend

Apply this general pattern to the Kakatiya context: if coastal Andhra participated similarly in maritime trade, Kakinada might have been significant—so check trade-route maps and medieval guild/inscriptional evidence for Kakinada.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 12: Bahmani and Vijayanagar Kingdoms > Nayak System > p. 183
Strength: 3/5
“The term Nayak is used from thirteenth century onwards in Telugu and Kannada areas in the sense of a military leader or simply soldier. Assigning the revenue of a particular locality to the Nayak for their military service is found in the Kakatiya kingdom during the thirteenth century. This is similar to the iqta system practiced by the Delhi Sultanate at that time. Nuniz says that the Vijayanagar kingdom at that time was divided between more than two hundred captains (his translation for Nayak) and they were compelled in turn to keep certain number of military forces (horses and foot soldiers) to serve the king in times of need: they were also required to pay certain amount of the revenue to the king in particular times of a year, like during the nine-day Mahanavami festival Bahmani and Vijayanagar Kingdoms Ÿ”
Why relevant

Describes Kakatiya administrative/military structures (assignment of revenue/local control to Nayaks), indicating the kingdom exercised local governance that could include coastal ports.

How to extend

A student could use this to look for inscriptions or revenue records naming Kakinada as a port under Kakatiya administrators.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 18: Early Resistance to British Rule > Origin of Palayams and Palayakkarars > p. 282
Strength: 2/5
“After the decline of Vijayanagara Empire, Nagama Nayak who arrived as a viceroy to Madurai and his son Viswanatha Nayak asserted themselves as independent rulers of Madurai and Tirunelveli. Under the able guidance of prime minister Ariyanatha Mudaliyar, all the little kingdoms of the former Pandian Empire were classified and converted into 72 palayams. Viswanatha Nayak constructed a formidable fort around Madurai city, which consisted of seventy two bastions. The origin of the Palayakkarar (poligari) system dates back to the 1530s. It is believed that this system was practiced earlier in Kakatiya kingdom of Warangal. The literal meaning of Palayakkarar is the holder of a camp as well as the holder of an estate on military tenure.”
Why relevant

Notes that certain administrative/military systems (palayakkarar-like) were practiced earlier in the Kakatiya kingdom, suggesting organized local control which often accompanies management of ports.

How to extend

Combine this with knowledge of medieval port administration to search for evidence of Kakinada being managed or fortified in Kakatiya-period records.

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Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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