With reference to the role of UN-Habitat in the United Nations programme working towards a better urban future, which of the statements is/are correct ? 1. UN-Habitat has been mandated by the United Nations General Assembly to promote socially and environmentally sustainable towns and cities to provide adequate shelter for all. 2. Its partners are either governments or local urban authorities only. 3. UN-Habitat contributes to the overall objective of the United Nations system to reduce poverty and to promote access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. Select the correct answer using the code given below ;

Gives a clear example of a formal 'National Mission on Sustainable Habitat' whose aims are to promote sustainability of habitats (urban planning, energy efficiency, waste management, transport) and improve resilience — language closely related to 'socially and environmentally sustainable towns and cities.'

A student could treat this as a model of the type of objectives UN bodies pursue and check whether UN-Habitat's official mandate uses similar phrasing via UNGA resolutions or UN programme descriptions.

States the Sustainable Development Goals (adopted by UN member states) aim to 'end poverty, protect the planet' by 2030 — SDG framework includes urban sustainability goals that UN bodies implement.

Use the SDG list (not in snippets) to locate SDG 11 ('sustainable cities and communities') and then check if UN-Habitat is the UN entity associated with SDG 11 in UNGA/UN system documents.

Notes the UN organisation works with many countries to eradicate poverty and pursue SDGs, implying UN programmes have mandates to tackle social issues like shelter and poverty.

A student could infer that a UN programme focused on urban futures would plausibly be tasked with shelter and social sustainability and then verify whether UNGA assigned that specific mandate to UN‑Habitat.

Describes UNEP and other UN agencies promoting coordinated responses to environmental problems and holding conferences — demonstrates UN agencies commonly receive environment-related mandates from UN processes.

Use this pattern (UN agencies given environmental mandates) to hypothesize UN‑Habitat might similarly be mandated by the UNGA for urban environmental/social objectives and then check UNGA resolution language.

Describes the Earth Summit (UNCED) and Agenda 21 as a UN action plan to put sustainable development at the forefront — shows historical UN-level commitment to sustainable habitat/urban issues.

A student can connect Earth Summit outcomes and Agenda 21 to later creation/mandates of UN programmes (like UN‑Habitat) and look for UNGA resolutions that institutionalised those aims.

The UN-REDD programme is described as supporting national governments 'with the involvement of all stakeholders', implying UN programmes can involve actors beyond just national or local governments.

A student could infer that UN-Habitat might likewise engage a range of stakeholders (civil society, donors, private sector) and check UN-Habitat partner lists for such non-government actors.

UNEP is characterised as the UN's authoritative global environmental agency that 'serves as an authoritative advocate' and coordinates implementation across the UN system, suggesting UN programmes can partner with other UN agencies and system-wide actors, not only governments.

One could reasonably expect UN-Habitat to partner with other UN agencies and verify inter-agency collaborations on urban issues.

The National Urbanisation Policy explicitly 'invites' both public and private sectors to contribute to urban housing, showing policy-level urban initiatives commonly include private-sector partners in addition to government.

A student could extend this pattern to infer that UN urban programmes may also engage private-sector partners and then look for evidence of private-sector collaborations with UN-Habitat.

The National Mission on Sustainable Habitat emphasises community-based disaster management and resilience, indicating urban programmes use community and civil-society-level actors, not only formal government authorities.

Use this as a basis to suspect UN-Habitat may work with community organisations and NGOs, and search for NGO/community partnerships in UN-Habitat materials.

Descriptions of urban local government types and special-purpose agencies show a diversity of subnational institutions (e.g., port trusts, housing boards, special purpose agencies) beyond just 'national' or single local authorities.

A student could predict that UN-Habitat's partners might include varied subnational or functional urban bodies (not only central governments) and then check which municipal or functional agencies partner with UN-Habitat.