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Q91 (IAS/2018) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) › Post-independence developments Official Key

Consider the following events : 1. The first democratically elected communist party government formed in a State in India. 2. India's then largest bank, 'Imperial Bank of India', was renamed 'State Bank of India'. 3. Air India was nationalised and became the national carrier. 4. Goa became a part of independent India. Which of the following is the correct chronological sequence of the above events ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct chronological sequence is 3-2-1-4 (Option B).

Air India was nationalised in March 1953[1], making it the earliest event. The Imperial Bank of India was nationalised and renamed State Bank of India in 1955[3]. In March 1957, the Communist Party won the Kerala assembly elections and E.M.S. Namboodiripad formed the ministry, marking the first time in the world that a Communist party government came to power through [4]democratic elections[4]. Finally, in December 1961, the Government of India sent the army which liberated Goa[5] from Portuguese rule.

Therefore, the sequence is: Air India nationalisation (1953) → State Bank of India renamed (1955) → Communist government in Kerala (1957) → Goa's liberation (1961), which corresponds to option B (3-2-1-4).

Sources
  1. [1] Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 12: Transport, Communications and Trade > Air Sewa > p. 31
  2. [2] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 7: Money and Banking > 2 1. State Bank of India > p. 175
  3. [3] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 7: Money and Banking > History of Banking > p. 160
  4. [4] Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Era of One-party Dominance > Communist victory in Kerala > p. 33
  5. [5] Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Regional Aspirations > Goa's liberation > p. 133
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Q. Consider the following events : 1. The first democratically elected communist party government formed in a State in India. 2. India's th…
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Origin: Mixed / unclear origin Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 7.5/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Post-Independence Consolidation' question that rewards cross-disciplinary reading. It merges Polity (Kerala/Goa), Economy (SBI), and Infrastructure (Air India) into a single timeline. If you read NCERT Class XII (Politics in India since Independence) and basic Economy, this is a straightforward sitter.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Year when the first democratically elected communist party government in an Indian state (the Communist Party of India government in Kerala) took office.
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 2: Era of One-party Dominance > Communist victory in Kerala > p. 33
Presence: 5/5
“As early as in 1957, the Congress party had the bitter taste of defeat in Kerala. In the assembly elections held in March 1957, the Communist Party won the largest number of seats in the Kerala legislature. The party won 60 of the 126 seats and had the support of five independents. The governor invited E. M. S. Namboodiripad, the leader of the Communist legislature party, to form the ministry. For the first time in the world, a Communist party government had come to power through democratic elections. On losing power in the State, the Congress party began a 'liberation struggle' against the elected government.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly locates the event in 1957 and refers to assembly elections held in March 1957.
  • Names E. M. S. Namboodiripad being invited to form the ministry in Kerala.
  • States this was the first time a Communist party government came to power through democratic elections.
Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 38: Developments under Nehru’s Leadership (1947-64) > An Undemocratic Deed > p. 644
Presence: 5/5
“In 1957, the Congress Party faced an unexpected defeat in the State of Kerala when the CPI emerged as the largest single party in the legislative assembly. E.M.S. Namboodiripad formed the government with the support of some independents. It was perhaps the first time that a communist government was formed on the basis of democratic elections. Trouble began with the introduction of the Education Bill which was, in actuality, a progressive measure. It was vehemently opposed by the Catholic Church in the state which ran several educational institutions and saw the bill as an encroachment on its power. Seeing in this situation an apt opportunity, the local Congress party members who had lost in the elections, organised state-wide protests.”
Why this source?
  • Specifies that in 1957 CPI emerged as the largest party in the Kerala legislative assembly.
  • Notes E.M.S. Namboodiripad formed the government with support of independents.
  • Describes this as perhaps the first time a communist government was formed on the basis of democratic elections.
Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 38: Developments under Nehru’s Leadership (1947-64) > Growth of other Political Parties > p. 639
Presence: 5/5
“Through the 1950s and 1960s the Congress party ruled at the Centre and in most of the states. The people voted for the Congress mainly because they saw it as the legatee of the freedom struggle and because its leaders were perceived to be individuals of character and integrity. Perhaps the first time people exercised their right of choice for a party other than the Congress was when they voted the Communists into power in Kerala in 1957. Then, in 1963, three notable opponents of the Congress were elected to the Lok Sabha, namely, the socialist Rammanohar Lohia, the liberal M.”
Why this source?
  • States that people voted the Communists into power in Kerala in 1957.
  • Frames this as perhaps the first instance of voters choosing a party other than Congress at the time.
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Statement analysis

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