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Q21 (IAS/2018) Polity & Governance › Governance, Policies & Social Justice › Education governance framework Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. As per the Right to Education (RTE) Act, to be eligible for appointment as a teacher in a State, a person would be required to possess the minimum qualification laid down by the concerned State Council of Teacher Education. 2. As per the RTE Act, for teaching primary classes, a candidate is required to pass a Teacher Eligibility Test conducted in accordance with the National Council of Teacher Education guidelines. 3. In India, more than 90% of teacher education institutions are directly under the State Governments. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is option B (Statement 2 only).

Statement 1 is incorrect because the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE), not State Councils of Teacher Education, has laid down the minimum qualifications for appointment as a teacher in classes I to VIII under the RTE Act, 2009[1]. The NCTE is a national-level body that sets uniform standards across India.

Statement 2 is correct as the NCTE has laid down minimum qualifications including passing a Teacher Eligibility Test (TET) conducted in accordance with NCTE guidelines[3] for appointment as a teacher in Classes I-VIII[2]. While qualifying the TET does not automatically confer a right to employment, it is one of the essential eligibility criteria for appointment[4].

Statement 3 cannot be verified from the provided sources. The documents discuss teacher education policy and regulation but do not provide specific data about what percentage of teacher education institutions are under State Government control versus other management types.

Sources
  1. [1] https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/RTE_TET.pdf
  2. [2] https://azimpremjiuniversity.edu.in/teacher-eligibility-test
  3. [3] https://www.aputf.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/10/2025SE_MS36_E.pdf
  4. [4] https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/upload_document/RTE_TET.pdf
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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. As per the Right to Education (RTE) Act, to be eligible for appointment as a teacher in a State, a…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 6.7/10
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This question tests the 'machinery' of the Act rather than just its constitutional promise. It punishes superficial reading by swapping regulatory bodies (State vs National) and ownership statistics (Private vs Govt). It demands knowing *who* sets the standards (NCTE) and the ground reality of teacher education (privatized).

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
According to the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act (RTE) in India, is possession of the minimum qualification laid down by the concerned State Council of Teacher Education required for appointment as a teacher in a State?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 4/5
"In accordance with the provisions of sub-section (1) of section 23 of the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009, the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) has laid down the minimum qualifications for a person to be eligible for appointment as a teacher in class I to VIII, vide its Notification dated August 23, 2010."
Why this source?
  • States that under section 23 of the RTE Act the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) laid down minimum qualifications.
  • Explicitly links those minimum qualifications to eligibility for appointment as a teacher in classes I–VIII (i.e., a required/essential qualification).
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"In accordance with the RTE Act 2009, the National Council for Teacher Education (NCTE) has laid down the minimum qualification for a person to be eligible for the appointment as a teacher in Class I‑VIII in the year 2011."
Why this source?
  • Reiterates that implementation of the RTE required recruitment of many teachers and that the NCTE laid down the minimum qualification for appointment as a teacher in Class I–VIII.
  • Describes the minimum qualification as an eligibility requirement (a gatekeeper) for entering the teaching profession.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 92: World Constitutions > 2018 TEST PAPER > p. 755
Strength: 5/5
“Consider the following statements: • As per the Right to Education (RTE) Act, to be eligible for appointment as a teacher in a State, a person would be required to possess the minimum qualification laid down by the concerned State Council of Teacher Education. • 2. As per the RTE Act, for teaching primary classes, a candidate is required to pass a Teacher Eligibility Test conducted in accordance with the National Council of Teacher Education guidelines. • 3. Which of the statements given above is/are correct? (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 only (c) 1 a nd 3 (d) 3 only • 14.”
Why relevant

This snippet presents as an exam item the specific claim that the RTE requires possession of minimum qualification laid down by the concerned State Council of Teacher Education for appointment as a teacher.

How to extend

A student could treat this as an enumerated claim to verify in the RTE text or authoritative summaries (i.e., look up the exact RTE provision referred to by such exam statements).

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 8: Fundamental Rights > D I Right to Education > p. 91
Strength: 4/5
“Thereafter, his/ her right to education is subject to the limits of economic capacity and development of the state. In this judgement, the Court overruled its earlier judgement delivered in Mohini Jain case l2b (1992) wherein it partly declared that there was a fundamental right to education up to any level including professional education like medicine and engineering. In pursuance of Article 21A, the Parliament enacted the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009. This Act seeks to provide that every child has a right to be provided full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school which satisfies certain essential norms and standards.”
Why relevant

Explains the RTE's purpose to provide elementary education of 'satisfactory and equitable quality' and that the Act implements Article 21A.

How to extend

From the objective of ensuring quality, a student might infer that the Act could contain teacher-qualification requirements and then check which bodies are empowered to set them.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 8: Fundamental Rights > D I Right to Education > p. 90
Strength: 3/5
“Article 21A declares that the State shall provide free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years in such a manner as the State may determine. Thus, this provision makes only elementary education a Fundamental Right and not higher or professional education. This provision was added by the 86th Constitutional Amendment Act of 2002. This amendment is a major milestone in the country's aim to achieve 'Education for All'. The government described this step as 'the dawn of the second revolution in the chapter of citizens' rights'. Even before this amendment, the Constitution contained a provision for free and compulsory education for children under Article 45 in Part IV.”
Why relevant

Reiterates that Article 21A/RTE makes elementary education a fundamental right and emphasizes achieving 'Education for All' with specified standards.

How to extend

Use this to reason that the RTE likely prescribes norms/standards (potentially including teacher qualifications) and then consult RTE provisions or implementing rules to see whether the State Council is named.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 60: National Commission for Protection of Child Rights > FUNCTIONS UNDER OTHER ACTS > p. 486
Strength: 3/5
“In addition to the above functions, the commission has been assigned the additional functions under three Acts relating to the children. These are as follows: 1. The Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education (RTE) Act, 2009: According to this Act, the Commission has to perform the following functions: (i) To examine and review the safeguards for rights provided by or under this Act and recommend measures for their effective implementation (ii) To inquire into complaints relating to child's right to free and compulsory education (iii) To take necessary steps after completion of an inquiry Further, the Commission shall, while inquiring into any matter relating to a child's right to free and compulsory education, have the same powers as assigned to it under the Commissions for the Protection of Child Rights Act, 2005.”
Why relevant

Shows that the National Commission for Protection of Child Rights is tasked under the RTE to review safeguards and inquire into complaints about the Act's implementation.

How to extend

A student could use this to justify checking implementation-related provisions (e.g., which authority enforces teacher-qualification rules) and look for mention of State-level teacher education councils in enforcement or rule-making clauses.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Social Welfare Measures and Legislations > p. 767
Strength: 2/5
“Act, came into being in 2009. The Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002 had already inserted Article 21-A in the Constitution of India to provide free and compulsory education of all children in the age group of six to fourteen years as a Fundamental Right in such a manner as the State may, by law, determine. The RTE Act, 2009 put in place what is envisaged under Article 21-A; it means that every child has a right to full time elementary education of satisfactory and equitable quality in a formal school, which satisfies certain essential norms and standards. All private schools (except those recognised as 'minority' educational institutions) are required to enrol children from weaker sections and disadvantaged communities in their incoming class to the extent of 25 per cent of the school enrolment, through the means of simple random selection.”
Why relevant

Notes that the RTE sets essential norms and standards for schools (including admissions etc.), implying the Act contains operational requirements.

How to extend

From the presence of 'essential norms and standards' a student could expect specific operational requirements (such as teacher qualifications) to be prescribed and then verify whether those are assigned to State Councils of Teacher Education.

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Statement analysis

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