Question map
Consider the following pairs : Tradition State 1. Chapchar Kut festival - Mizoram 2. Khongjom Parba ballad Manipur 3. Thang-Ta dance - Sikkim Which of the pairs given above is/are correct ?
Explanation
The correct answer is option B (pairs 1 and 2 are correct).
Chapchar Kut is the most joyful festival of the Mizos[1], making pair 1 correct as it is indeed a festival of Mizoram. The festival is held during the period when the bamboos and trees that have been cut down are being awaited to dry to be burnt for jhumming[2], reflecting its deep connection with Mizo agricultural traditions.
Pair 2 is also correct. Khongjom Parba is a traditional ballad from Manipur that commemorates the Anglo-Manipuri War of 1891, particularly the Battle of Khongjom. It is performed as a ritualistic theatre form narrating the heroic resistance of Manipuri warriors.
Pair 3 is incorrect. Thang-Ta is not a dance from Sikkim but rather a traditional martial art form of Manipur. "Thang" refers to sword and "Ta" refers to spear, and it combines armed combat techniques with ritualistic dance movements, making it intrinsically linked to Manipuri culture, not Sikkimese culture.
Therefore, only pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched with their respective states.
Sources- [1] https://mizoram.nic.in/about/chapcharkut.htm
- [2] https://mizoram.nic.in/about/chapcharkut.htm
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full viewThis is a classic 'North East Culture' check. While NCERTs mention festivals broadly, specific matches like 'Khongjom Parba' require standard reference books (Nitin Singhania/CCRT) or awareness of the Anglo-Manipur War. It is fair only if you have moved beyond basic textbooks to state-specific cultural profiles.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Explicitly names Chapchar Kut as a Mizo festival.
- Describes its celebration in Aizawl (capital of Mizoram) on a specific March date.
- Describes Mizo men and women performing traditional dances to herald the festival.
- Explains the meaning of Chapchar Kut in the context of local jhumming (shifting cultivation) practice.
- The Wikipedia entry groups Chapchar Kut under 'Festivals in Mizoram'.
- Cites news sources reporting Chapchar Kut being celebrated across Mizoram.
Shows that India has an immense variety of festivals and that some festivals are region/state-specific, marking beginnings like harvest seasons.
A student could use this pattern to expect regionally named festivals (like Chapchar Kut) for a particular state (Mizoram) and then look up state-wise festival lists or a map of states to check whether Chapchar Kut is associated with Mizoram.
Provides the example that similar festivals have different names across states and includes a map concept tying festivals to locations.
One could extend this by consulting a map of India and state-specific cultural lists to see whether Chapchar Kut appears as a named festival in the northeastern state of Mizoram.
Notes that different states celebrate New Year and other festivals according to local cultures, encouraging a search for 'names of the New Year festival celebrated in any 10 states'.
Use the same approach to survey Mizoram’s local calendar—search or consult sources listing Mizoram’s traditional festivals (Chapchar Kut among them) to test the statement.
Points out that many major festivals occur in specific months and invites making lists of main festivals and their regional names.
A student could compile a month-by-month list for Mizoram (using regional cultural sources) to see if Chapchar Kut is listed as a traditional festival there.
Describes community participation in festivals and that many communities have similar practices, implying that local/ethnic festivals are important cultural markers.
Recognize Chapchar Kut could be a community-specific festival (Mizo community) and thus check ethnographic or state cultural resources for Mizoram to corroborate its association.
States that collecting ballads and preserving folk traditions was a recognised national activity (example: Tagore collecting ballads), showing ballad-forms are an acknowledged part of Indian cultural history.
A student could use this as a methodological precedent to look for region-specific ballads (like 'Khongjom Parba') in collections or ethnographic studies of Manipur.
Describes active exchange between folk/tribal traditions and gives examples of regional versions of major epics across India's north-east, implying the NE (including Manipur) has localized oral/ballad traditions.
One could reasonably search for Manipuri localized oral genres (ballads or parba-like forms) and see if 'Khongjom Parba' appears as a named local ballad.
Notes that the North-East (including Manipur) has distinct cultural and political history and underwent demographic change, implying strong, region-specific folk cultural practices survived and may include ballads.
Use this as context to prioritize sources on North-Eastern folk traditions or Manipuri cultural histories when checking the origin of 'Khongjom Parba.'
Describes constant interaction between folk and tribal traditions across India, including northeastern states, implying cultural practices (dance/martial forms) can be regionally shared or adapted.
A student could use this to check whether Thang-Ta is recorded as part of a particular tribe or neighboring state's traditions (e.g., Manipur vs Sikkim) to assign likely origin.
Defines cultural regions of India including a 'Mixed Cultural Region of north east India', indicating the northeast has distinct, shared folk customs (folk dance, folklore) relevant to locating regional art forms.
One could consult a map of northeast cultural regions and compare where Thang-Ta is documented to see if it aligns with Sikkim's cultural zone.
Gives demographic/ethnic composition of Sikkim (Nepali majority; Lepcha-Bhutia minorities), suggesting specific cultural repertoires in Sikkim are tied to these communities rather than to other northeastern groups.
A student could look for associations of Thang-Ta with Lepcha/Bhutia/Nepali traditions — absence of such links would weaken a claim of Sikkim origin.
States Sikkim's geographic position adjoining Nepal and Tibet and its proximity to other northeastern areas, a reminder that cultural practices may diffuse across borders in this region.
Use regional geography to check whether Thang-Ta is more plausibly originated in a neighboring state (e.g., Manipur) given known cultural diffusion paths.
Notes that many classical and ritual dances evolved from local/folk dancing and temple-associated patronage, establishing a general rule about how dance/art forms are localized and institutionalized.
Investigate whether Thang-Ta is described as evolving from temple/folk practices specific to Sikkim's local institutions — if not, that suggests a different origin.
- [THE VERDICT]: Standard Static GK. Found in CCRT website and Nitin Singhania. Not solvable purely by NCERTs.
- [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Regional Intangible Heritage: specifically the 'Martial Art - Ballad - Harvest Festival' triad of North East India.
- [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize these NE pairings: 1. Hornbill (Nagaland), 2. Wangala (Meghalaya - 100 Drums), 3. Cheraw (Mizoram - Bamboo Dance), 4. Sattriya (Assam - Classical), 5. Thang-Ta (Manipur - Martial Art), 6. Saga Dawa (Sikkim - Buddhist).
- [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Do not memorize lists alphabetically. Cluster facts by State. When studying Manipur, link: Thang-Ta (Martial Art) + Lai Haraoba (Festival) + Khongjom (History). The examiner traps you by swapping the state (e.g., putting Thang-Ta in Sikkim).
Determining whether a festival is specific to a state (e.g., Mizoram) requires understanding that many festivals have regional names and are celebrated locally across India.
High-yield for UPSC: questions often test cultural diversity and state-specific traditions. Mastering this helps link festivals to particular states/communities, aids in map-based and culture questions, and enables elimination in MCQs about origin/region of festivals.
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond. Social Science-Class VI . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 8: Unity in Diversity, or 'Many in the One' > Festivals Galore > p. 131
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond. Social Science-Class VI . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 8: Unity in Diversity, or 'Many in the One' > Festivals Galore > p. 132
- Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 11: Keeping Time with the Skies > Discover, design, and debate > p. 188
Many Indian festivals are dated according to lunar, luni-solar, or solar sidereal calendars, which affects when and how regional festivals are observed.
Important for answering questions about festival timing, historical/cultural calendars, and their astronomical basis. Connects culture with basic astronomy and calendars, useful for both prelims MCQs and mains explanations of cultural chronology.
- Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 11: Keeping Time with the Skies > A step further > p. 184
- Science ,Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 11: Keeping Time with the Skies > 11.3 Are Festivals Related to Astronomical Phenomena? > p. 183
Festivals often involve collective organisation, decoration, and shared food, indicating their role in social cohesion — relevant when assessing the cultural significance of a regional festival.
Useful for essay and GS answers on society and culture: explains why festivals matter beyond ritual (social capital, cooperation). Helps frame answers on rural/urban community practices and governance of cultural events.
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond. Social Science-Class VI . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 13: The Value of Work > THINK ABOUT IT > p. 193
- Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 13: Cultural Setting > Caste and Village Community > p. 5
Preservation and collection of ballads is linked to constructing regional/national identity (reference on Tagore collecting ballads).
High-yield for UPSC: questions often ask how folk traditions contribute to nationalism and cultural memory. Connects history, culture and society sections; useful for essay/GS answers on cultural integration and identity.
- India and the Contemporary World – II. History-Class X . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 2: Nationalism in India > 4 The Sense of Collective Belonging > p. 47
Evidence notes active exchange between tribal and folk traditions across India including the Northeast.
Important for analyzing cultural syncretism in Indian society — relevant to culture, social justice and internal diversity questions. Helps explain origins and transmission of regional oral forms like ballads.
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond. Social Science-Class VI . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 7: India's Cultural Roots > What is a tribe? > p. 121
Knowledge of Manipur's accession, elections and statehood frames questions about regional cultural identities and origins.
Useful for GS polity/history: understanding state formation, integration and their impact on regional culture. Helps situate cultural phenomena (like alleged ballads) within political timelines.
- Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 1: Challenges of Nation Building > Manipur > p. 18
- Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Regional Aspirations > The North-East > p. 126
Several references document Sikkim's historical status and its incorporation into India — relevant when assessing claims about cultural practices 'originating from Sikkim, India'.
High-yield for UPSC: understanding territorial/constitutional history helps situate cultural-origin claims (which state/region an art form is associated with). It connects history, polity and cultural geography questions and helps eliminate misplaced origin claims. Study official constitutional changes and key dates from primary sources.
- Politics in India since Independence, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Regional Aspirations > Sikkim's merger > p. 131
- Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Annexation of Sikkim > p. 682
- Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 77: Special Provisions for Some States > PROVISIONS FOR SIKKIM > p. 562
Since Thang-Ta (Armed Martial Art) was asked, the logical sibling is 'Sarit Sarak' (Unarmed Martial Art of Manipur) or 'Mukna' (Manipuri Wrestling). Also, watch out for 'Pari-Khanda' (Bihar) and 'Thoda' (Himachal) in future matching questions.
Use the 'History Keyword' hack. 'Khongjom' refers to the Battle of Khongjom (1891) in the Anglo-Manipur War. Even if you don't know the ballad, if you know Modern History, you know Khongjom = Manipur. This confirms Pair 2. For Pair 3, 'Thang-Ta' (Sword-Spear) is a martial art, not just a dance, and is famously Meitei (Manipur), not Sikkimese.
Link 'Thang-Ta' to GS-2 (Government Policies) via the 'Khelo India Youth Games', which recently inducted indigenous martial arts like Thang-Ta, Kalaripayattu, and Gatka to preserve heritage.