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Q5 (IAS/2019) History & Culture › National Movement (1857–1947) › Early national politics Official Key

With reference to Swadeshi Movement, consider the following statements : 1. It contributed to the revival of the indigenous artisan crafts and industries. 2. The National Council of Education was established as a part of Swadeshi Movement. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is option C because both statements are correct.

**Statement 1 is correct:** The Swadeshi movement gave a great deal of encouragement to Indian industries. Many textile mills, soap and match factories, handloom weaving concerns, national banks, and insurance companies were opened.[1] Acharya P.C. Ray organized his famous Bengal Chemical Swadeshi Stores.[1] This clearly demonstrates the revival of indigenous artisan crafts and industries during the movement.

**Statement 2 is correct:** On August 15, 1906, the National Council of Education was set up to organise a system of education literary, scientific and technical—on national lines and under national control.[2] This was established as part of the Swadeshi Movement's programme of national education. On 5 November 1905, at the initiative of the Dawn Society, the National Council of Education was formed.[3]

Both statements are historically accurate and well-documented aspects of the Swadeshi Movement (1905-1908), making option C the correct answer.

Sources
  1. [1] Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 14: Nationalist Movement 1905—1918 > The Swadeshi and Bovcott > p. 242
  2. [2] Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 12: Era of Militant Nationalism (1905-1909) > Programme of Swadeshi or National Education > p. 266
  3. [3] History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 2: Rise of Extremism and Swadeshi Movement > Evolution of the idea of Swadeshi > p. 20
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. With reference to Swadeshi Movement, consider the following statements : 1. It contributed to the revival of the indigenous artisan craf…
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10
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This is a textbook 'reward for reading the basics' question. Both statements are verbatim from standard sources like Spectrum (Rajiv Ahir) or Old NCERT (Bipin Chandra). It tests the 'Constructive Programme' (Atmashakti) phase rather than just the political protest. If you missed this, your static revision is weak.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Did the Swadeshi Movement (Indian nationalist movement beginning around 1905) contribute to the revival of indigenous artisan crafts and industries in India?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 14: Nationalist Movement 1905—1918 > The Swadeshi and Bovcott > p. 242
Presence: 5/5
“Priests would often decline to officiate at ceremonies where foreign articles were offered as oblations to the gods. Guests would refuse to participate in festivities where foreign salt or foreign sugar was used. The Swadeshi movement gave a great deal of encouragement to Indian industries. Many textile mills, soap and match factories, handloom weaving concerns, national banks, and insurance companies were opened. Acharya P.C. Ray organized his famous Bengal Chemical Swadeshi Stores. Even the great poet Rabindranath Tagore helped to open a Swadeshi store. The Swadeshi movement had several consequences in the realm of culture. There was a flowering of nationalist poetry, prose and journalism.”
Why this source?
  • Directly asserts the Swadeshi movement gave strong encouragement to Indian industries.
  • Specifically lists textile mills, handloom weaving concerns, soap and match factories, national banks and insurance companies being opened.
  • Mentions Bengal Chemical Swadeshi Stores and involvement of public figures in opening Swadeshi stores, showing institutional and popular support.
History , class XII (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 3: Impact of World War I on Indian Freedom Movement > 3.7 Rise of Labour Movement > p. 38
Presence: 5/5
“Introduction of machinery, new methods of production, concentration of factories in certain big cities gave birth to a new class of wage earners called factory workers. In India, the N.M. Lokhanday Factory workers, mostly drawn from villages, initially remained submissive and unorganised. Many leaders like Sorabjee Shapoorji and N.M. Lokhanday of Bombay and Sasipada Banerjee of Bengal raised their voice for protecting the interests of the industrial labourers. In the aftermath of Swadeshi Movement (1905), Indian industries began to thrive. During the War, the British encouraged Indian industries which manufactured war-time goods. As the war progressed, they wanted more goods so more workers were recruited.”
Why this source?
  • States that in the aftermath of the Swadeshi Movement (1905), Indian industries began to thrive.
  • Links this industrial growth to increased demand and recruitment of workers, indicating measurable industrial revival.
Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 12: Growth of New India—The Nationalist Movement 1858—1905 > Economic Reforms > p. 210
Presence: 4/5
“removal of India's poverty was the rapid development of modern industries. They wanted the government to promote modern industries through tariff protection and direct government aid. They popularized the idea of swadeshi or the use of Indian goods and the boycott of British goods as a means of promoting Indian industries. For example, students in Poona and in other towns of Maharashtra publicly burnt foreign clothes in 1896 as part of the larger swadeshi campaign. The nationalists complained that India's wealth was being drained to England, and demanded that this drain be stopped. They carried on persistent agitation for the reduction of land revenue in order to lighten the burden of taxation on the peasant.”
Why this source?
  • Explains that nationalists popularised swadeshi (use of Indian goods and boycott of British goods) as a means to promote Indian industries.
  • Gives examples of popular actions (e.g., burning foreign clothes) that mobilised public support for indigenous production.
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