Question map
Not attempted Correct Incorrect Bookmarked
Loading…
Q64 (IAS/2020) History & Culture › Modern India (Pre-1857) › British administrative reforms Official Key

Wellesley established the Fort William College at Calcutta because

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 4.

Lord Wellesley established Fort William College in 1800 primarily to provide systematic training to young British "writer" (civilian) recruits of the East India Company. He believed that to govern India effectively, British administrators needed to be proficient in local Indian languages, customs, and laws. This formal institutional training was intended to replace the haphazard learning process that existed previously.

  • Option 1 is incorrect: The Board of Directors actually disapproved of the college due to its high cost and eventually ordered its closure in 1802.
  • Option 2 is incorrect: While the college did promote oriental studies, its primary objective was administrative efficiency, not a purely academic revival of learning.
  • Option 3 is incorrect: Although scholars like William Carey taught there, the institution was not created as an employment scheme for missionaries.

Thus, Option 4 is the most accurate historical reason for its founding.

How others answered
Each bar shows the % of students who chose that option. Green bar = correct answer, blue outline = your choice.
Community Performance
Out of everyone who attempted this question.
80%
got it right
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest preview
Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Wellesley established the Fort William College at Calcutta because [A] he was asked by the Board of Directors at London to do so [B] he…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 5/10 · 5/10
You're seeing a guest preview. The Verdict and first statement analysis are open. Login with Google to unlock all tabs.

This is a textbook 'Sitter' found directly in Spectrum (Chapters 26 & 30) and Old NCERT. It tests the fundamental administrative history of the British Raj. If you missed this, you are neglecting the 'Tables and Summaries' at the end of standard chapters.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Did Lord Wellesley establish Fort William College at Calcutta because he was asked to do so by the Board of Directors in London?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"set up the Fort William College at Calcutta in 1800 to train the British civilians as administrators; he included in the curriculum courses on Oriental learning and appointed *Pandits* or Oriental experts to teach them ... These measures, however, did not in any way mark the beginning of a decided educational policy. They owed their origin to individual enterprise and were undertaken by people for the preservation of ancient Indian culture and for political and administrative reasons."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states Wellesley set up Fort William College in 1800 to train British civilians as administrators.
  • Says such measures “owed their origin to individual enterprise”, implying local initiative rather than an order from the Court/Board of Directors.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Fort William College founded by Wellesley in 1801 to train the young British recruits to the civil service in India was meant to serve primarily this purpose."
Why this source?
  • Directly attributes the founding of Fort William College to Wellesley (1801) and gives its purpose: training young British recruits to the civil service.
  • Provides no indication that the College was established at the request of the Board of Directors in London.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"Fort William College was an academy of oriental studies and a centre of learning, founded on 18 August 1800 by Lord Wellesley, then Governor-General of"
Why this source?
  • States the college was founded on 18 August 1800 by Lord Wellesley, naming him as founder.
  • Attributes founding directly to Wellesley (Governor‑General), with no mention of a request from the Board of Directors.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 26: Constitutional, Administrative and Judicial Developments > Wellesley's Role > p. 514
Strength: 5/5
“In 1800, Wellesley (governor-general, 1798-1805) set up the Fort William College for training of new recruits. In 1806 Wellesley's college was disapproved by the Court of Directors and instead the East India College was set up at Haileybury in England to impart two years' training to the recruits.”
Why relevant

Says Wellesley set up Fort William College in 1800 and that in 1806 the Court of Directors disapproved his college and instead set up the East India College at Haileybury.

How to extend

A student could infer that the Board had authority to overrule or replace local initiatives and check whether Wellesley's action was initiated locally or ordered from London by checking timing and records of Board instructions.

Modern India ,Bipin Chandra, History class XII (NCERT 1982 ed.)[Old NCERT] > Chapter 6: Administrative Organisation and Social and Cultural Policy > Civil Service > p. 108
Strength: 4/5
“Wellesley therefore established the College of Fort William at Calcutta for the education of young recruits to the Civil Service Till 1853 all appointments to the Civil Service were made by the Directors of the East India Company who placated the members of the Board of Control by letting them make some of the nominations. The Directors fought hard to retain this lucrative and prized privilege and refused to surrender it even when their other economic and political privileges were taken away by Parliament. A special feature of the Indian Civil Service since the days of Cornwallis was the rigid and complete exclusion of Indians from it.”
Why relevant

Explains the Directors of the East India Company controlled Civil Service appointments and vigorously defended their privileges.

How to extend

Use the Directors' known control over civil service matters to investigate whether they would have requested a training college in India or preferred training under their own oversight in England.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 30: Development of Education > Under Company Rule > p. 563
Strength: 4/5
“For the first 60 years of its dominion in India, the East India Company, a trading and profit-making concern, took no interest in the promotion of education. Some minor exceptions were efforts by individuals— ● The Calcutta Madrasah was established by Warren Hastings in 1781 for the study of Muslim law and related subjects. ● The Sanskrit College was established by Jonathan Duncan, the resident, at Benaras in 1791 for study of Hindu law and philosophy. ● Fort William College was set up by Wellesley in 1800 for training of civil servants of the Company in languages and customs of Indians (closed in 1802).”
Why relevant

Notes Fort William College was set up by Wellesley in 1800 for training civil servants and that it closed (or was short-lived), implying it was a local initiative focused on immediate training needs.

How to extend

Combine this with the fact that the Directors later established an English college to question whether the Indian college originated from Wellesley's local policy rather than a London directive.

History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 17: Effects of British Rule > 17.5 Reforms in Civil and Judicial Administration > p. 269
Strength: 3/5
“With this object, the College of Fort William was founded at Calcutta in 1800. A three-year course of study was provided for the Company's civil servants. The college was staffed by European professors and eighty Indian pundits. This became the Oriental School for Bengal civilians. In 1806 the East India College was established in England. In Madras, the College of Fort St George was set up by EW.”
Why relevant

Describes the college's purpose, staffing and the later establishment (in 1806) of the East India College in England, showing two different approaches to training recruits.

How to extend

Compare the two approaches (local college vs Haileybury in England) and check whether the Board's preference for Haileybury indicates they did not originally request Fort William.

Statement analysis

This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.

Login with Google to unlock all statements.

Statement analysis

This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.

Login with Google to unlock all statements.

Statement analysis

This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.

Login with Google to unlock all statements.

How to study

This tab shows concrete study steps: what to underline in books, how to map current affairs, and how to prepare for similar questions.

Login with Google to unlock study guidance.

Micro-concepts

Discover the small, exam-centric ideas hidden in this question and where they appear in your books and notes.

Login with Google to unlock micro-concepts.

The Vault

Access hidden traps, elimination shortcuts, and Mains connections that give you an edge on every question.

Login with Google to unlock The Vault.

✓ Thank you! We'll review this.

SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-II · 2018 · Q92 Relevance score: 1.77

The College of Fort William was established by which one of the following Govemor-Generals?

IAS · 2018 · Q89 Relevance score: 0.40

With reference to educational institutions during colonial rule in India, consider the following pairs : Institution Founder 1. Sanskrit College at Benaras - William Jones 2. Calcutta Madarsa - Warren Hastings 3. Fort William College - Arthur Wellesley Which of the pairs given above is/are correct ?

IAS · 2009 · Q94 Relevance score: -1.91

In collaboration with David Hare and Alexander Duff, who of the following established Hindu College at Calcutta ?

CDS-II · 2014 · Q80 Relevance score: -1.96

Which of the following statements about the penetration of English into Bengal is/are correct? 1. Job Chamock arrived in Sutanati in August 1690 and laid the foundation of Calcutta which later became the heart of the British Indian Empire. 2. The French East India Company built a fort near the Fort William in Calcutta. Select the correct answer using the code given below:

CDS-II · 2014 · Q86 Relevance score: -5.86

Statement I : The Bethune School, founded in Calcutta in 1849 was the first fruit of the powerful move- ment for women’s education that arose in the 1840s and 1850s. Statement I : The first step in giving modem education to girls was undertaken by Vidyasagar in 1800.