Question map
Wellesley established the Fort William College at Calcutta because
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 4.
Lord Wellesley established Fort William College in 1800 primarily to provide systematic training to young British "writer" (civilian) recruits of the East India Company. He believed that to govern India effectively, British administrators needed to be proficient in local Indian languages, customs, and laws. This formal institutional training was intended to replace the haphazard learning process that existed previously.
- Option 1 is incorrect: The Board of Directors actually disapproved of the college due to its high cost and eventually ordered its closure in 1802.
- Option 2 is incorrect: While the college did promote oriental studies, its primary objective was administrative efficiency, not a purely academic revival of learning.
- Option 3 is incorrect: Although scholars like William Carey taught there, the institution was not created as an employment scheme for missionaries.
Thus, Option 4 is the most accurate historical reason for its founding.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a textbook 'Sitter' found directly in Spectrum (Chapters 26 & 30) and Old NCERT. It tests the fundamental administrative history of the British Raj. If you missed this, you are neglecting the 'Tables and Summaries' at the end of standard chapters.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Did Lord Wellesley establish Fort William College at Calcutta because he was asked to do so by the Board of Directors in London?
- Statement 2: Did Lord Wellesley establish Fort William College at Calcutta to revive interest in oriental learning in India?
- Statement 3: Did Lord Wellesley establish Fort William College at Calcutta to provide William Carey and his associates with employment?
- Statement 4: Did Lord Wellesley establish Fort William College at Calcutta to train British civilians (civil servants) for administrative purposes in India?
- Explicitly states Wellesley set up Fort William College in 1800 to train British civilians as administrators.
- Says such measures “owed their origin to individual enterprise”, implying local initiative rather than an order from the Court/Board of Directors.
- Directly attributes the founding of Fort William College to Wellesley (1801) and gives its purpose: training young British recruits to the civil service.
- Provides no indication that the College was established at the request of the Board of Directors in London.
- States the college was founded on 18 August 1800 by Lord Wellesley, naming him as founder.
- Attributes founding directly to Wellesley (Governor‑General), with no mention of a request from the Board of Directors.
Says Wellesley set up Fort William College in 1800 and that in 1806 the Court of Directors disapproved his college and instead set up the East India College at Haileybury.
A student could infer that the Board had authority to overrule or replace local initiatives and check whether Wellesley's action was initiated locally or ordered from London by checking timing and records of Board instructions.
Explains the Directors of the East India Company controlled Civil Service appointments and vigorously defended their privileges.
Use the Directors' known control over civil service matters to investigate whether they would have requested a training college in India or preferred training under their own oversight in England.
Notes Fort William College was set up by Wellesley in 1800 for training civil servants and that it closed (or was short-lived), implying it was a local initiative focused on immediate training needs.
Combine this with the fact that the Directors later established an English college to question whether the Indian college originated from Wellesley's local policy rather than a London directive.
Describes the college's purpose, staffing and the later establishment (in 1806) of the East India College in England, showing two different approaches to training recruits.
Compare the two approaches (local college vs Haileybury in England) and check whether the Board's preference for Haileybury indicates they did not originally request Fort William.
This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
Login with Google to unlock all statements.
This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
Login with Google to unlock all statements.
This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.
Login with Google to unlock all statements.
This tab shows concrete study steps: what to underline in books, how to map current affairs, and how to prepare for similar questions.
Login with Google to unlock study guidance.
Discover the small, exam-centric ideas hidden in this question and where they appear in your books and notes.
Login with Google to unlock micro-concepts.
Access hidden traps, elimination shortcuts, and Mains connections that give you an edge on every question.
Login with Google to unlock The Vault.