According to Portuguese writer Nuniz, the women in Vijayanagara Empire were expert in which of the following areas? 1. Wrestling 2. Astrology 3. Accounting 4. Soothsaying Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Lists Fernao Nuniz among travellers who wrote descriptive first‑hand accounts of Vijayanagara, implying he recorded social customs and practices.

A student could check Nuniz's travel account for mentions of gendered social activities (e.g., sports, entertainment) to see if he noted women wrestlers.

Quotes Nuniz describing markets and everyday life in detail (foods and goods), showing he reported mundane and surprising social facts.

Use the fact Nuniz recorded everyday oddities to argue he might have mentioned women wrestling if it were visible in public life; locate the specific passage to confirm.

Another fragment attributing descriptive material on bazaars to Nuniz, reinforcing that his narratives covered civic life and public spectacles.

Combine this pattern with a search in Nuniz's text for terms related to wrestling or public performances involving women.

Explains the amara‑nayaka military/chief system and prominence of armed male chiefs, suggesting a strongly martial, male‑dominated public sphere.

A student could weigh the prevalence of male military elites against the plausibility of women as public wrestling experts in that society and look for corroborating evidence.

Uses gendered political titles like 'lord of men' (narapati), indicating public and political roles were framed in male terms.

Use this pattern to hypothesize that martial activities were primarily male; then seek specific traveler or inscriptional mentions to confirm or refute women’s involvement in wrestling.

Lists Fernao Nuniz among travellers who wrote detailed accounts of Vijayanagara, implying he recorded social customs and occupations.

A student could check Nuniz's surviving text for passages on occupations and gender to see if he mentions women practising astrology.

Contains direct quotations from Nuniz describing everyday life and market details, showing he reported on social and economic specifics.

Use the pattern that Nuniz noted ordinary practices to justify searching his work for mentions of women in specialized roles like astrologers.

Shows women (e.g., Gangadevi) could occupy intellectual/literary positions in Vijayanagara society, establishing a context where women might also engage in learned pursuits such as astrology.

Combine this with Nuniz’s habit of recording learned classes to assess plausibility that he would mention women astrologers if they existed.

Emphasises that knowledge about Vijayanagara comes from travellers' accounts, inscriptions and oral traditions — different sources that complement or contradict each other.

A student could compare Nuniz’s account with inscriptions or local traditions to corroborate or challenge any claim about women astrologers.

Nuniz's description of very large, well‑supplied markets implies a complex commercial economy where accounting and bookkeeping would be important.

A student could combine this with basic knowledge of market economies to ask whether women participated in market trade or household/business bookkeeping and whether Nuniz mentions their role specifically.

This snippet lists Fernao (Fernao) Nuniz among the Portuguese travellers who wrote detailed accounts of Vijayanagara, establishing him as a source who might have noted social roles.

A student could examine Nuniz's actual text (knowing he is a primary observer) to look for any passages that mention women and economic or accounting activities.

The mention of Gangadevi, a woman writer connected to the royal family, shows that at least some women were literate and engaged in literary/intellectual activity.

A student could infer that literate women might also have had the skills for accounting and then check Nuniz (or other sources) for evidence of women doing accounting or administrative work.

Description of the amara‑nayaka system and administrative/military chiefs indicates formal governance structures that required recordkeeping and financial administration.

Using this, a student could ask whether recordkeeping roles in such systems were held exclusively by men or whether women could occupy accounting positions, then search Nuniz for relevant observations.

Royal orders signed 'Shri Virupaksha' in Kannada and the practice of formal royal paperwork point to bureaucratic literacy and written administrative processes.

A student might extend this to consider who performed clerical/accounting tasks in such a courtly bureaucracy and check traveller accounts like Nuniz for mentions of female clerks or accountants.

Lists Fernao Nuniz among Portuguese travellers who wrote detailed accounts of Vijayanagara in the sixteenth century, establishing Nuniz as a potential source on social practices.

A student could locate Nuniz's specific travel account (knowing he is a sixteenth‑century Portuguese writer) and search within it for any mention of women's social or religious roles, including soothsaying.

States that Portuguese writers often recorded Indian social customs and religious practices in detail, implying travellers like Nuniz commonly described local social roles.

Use the pattern that Portuguese travellers noted social customs to justify checking Nuniz's text for observations about women and divination practices.

Explains the centrality of temples and explicit royal association with gods in Vijayanagara, indicating a religious environment where divination and soothsaying could be socially significant.

Combine this with knowledge that divination often occurs in temple contexts to infer it would be plausible for travellers to record women acting as soothsayers if such roles existed.

Notes that women like Gangadevi participated in literary and religious life, showing women could hold recognized intellectual/religious roles in Vijayanagara society.

Extend this to hypothesize women might also have held other religious or ritual roles (including soothsaying), and then check Nuniz's account for confirmation or refutation.