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Q89 (IAS/2022) Economy › Schemes, Inclusion & Social Sector › Public health programmes Official Key

With reference to Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, consider the following statements : 1. Private and public hospitals must adopt it. 2. As it aims to achieve universal health coverage, every citizen of India should be part of it ultimately. 3. It has seamless portability across the country. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: B
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 2 (3 only). The Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission (ABDM) is a voluntary initiative aimed at creating a digital health ecosystem in India.

  • Statement 1 is incorrect: Participation in ABDM is voluntary for both patients and healthcare providers. While the government encourages adoption, there is no mandatory legal requirement for private and public hospitals to adopt it.
  • Statement 2 is incorrect: Although the mission aligns with the broader goal of Universal Health Coverage, enrollment is not mandatory for every citizen. The creation of an Ayushman Bharat Health Account (ABHA) is based on informed consent and remains optional.
  • Statement 3 is correct: A core objective of ABDM is to ensure seamless portability. It allows citizens to access and share their longitudinal health records digitally across various healthcare providers nationwide, ensuring continuity of care regardless of geographical location.

Thus, only statement 3 accurately describes the functional framework of the mission.

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Q. With reference to Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission, consider the following statements : 1. Private and public hospitals must adopt it. 2…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 6.7/10
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This is a classic 'Scheme Architecture' question sourced from Current Affairs (PIB/Newspapers). The core difficulty lies in the 'Voluntary vs. Mandatory' trap. UPSC habitually tests whether digital initiatives (like Aadhaar, Aarogya Setu, ABDM) are compulsory, making this a pattern-based elimination question rather than a pure knowledge one.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is adoption of the Ayushman Bharat Digital Mission mandatory for private and public hospitals in India?
Origin: Weak / unclear Fairness: Borderline / guessy
Indirect textbook clues
Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 21: Sustainable Development and Climate Change > Part V: Government Reforms and Enablers > p. 622
Strength: 4/5
“• Implementation of National Digital Health Blueprint through National Digital \Health Mission to be undertaken. • Education sector: • A programme PM eVIDYA to be launched for multi-mode access to digital/online education. It is to consist of: • 1. DIKSHA (one nation, one digital platform) for school education in States/UTs: In this regard, e-content and QR-coded energised textbooks for all grades to be launched. • 2. Special e-content to be ensured for visually and hearing impaired. • To exclude COVID-19-related debt from the definition of 'default' under the Indian Bankruptcy Code, 2016. • Private companies which list non-convertible debentures on stock exchanges not to be regarded as listed companies. • Public sector enterprises (PSEs) related: • In strategic sectors, private sector to be allowed.”
Why relevant

Mentions implementation of the National Digital Health Blueprint through the National Digital Health Mission — indicates a central plan to roll out a digital health framework.

How to extend

A student could check whether a central implementation plan typically includes legal mandates or whether it relies on state/organizational adoption (e.g., by comparing with other centrally promoted blueprints).

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Digital India: a Step Forward in e-Governance > p. 778
Strength: 4/5
“One of the basic aims of the Modi government was to encourage electronic governance. Considering the importance of reducing the paperwork involved in the public - government interface and thereby lowering the corruption levels, the Modi government launched the Digital India campaign within three months of taking office, in August 2014. The success of several socio-economic and governance programmes, existing as well as intended to be launched, depended upon the efficacy of Digital India. The idea was to electronically empower the Indian citizen and the economy. The programme was designed to get all government departments and the people of India to connect with each other digitally or electronically, so that governance could be improved.”
Why relevant

Describes Digital India as a central push to get government departments and citizens to connect digitally — frames digital initiatives as national encouragement for e-governance.

How to extend

Use the general pattern of Digital India programmes (often driven by central policy but variably implemented by states/organisations) to question whether adoption is compulsory or incentivised.

Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science, Class VIII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive > Action Taken: > p. 150
Strength: 5/5
“1.2.2 Public Health is being a state subject, creation of separate Department of Ayush in the States/UTs comes under purview of respective State/UT Governments. However. Ministry of Ayush has requested 6tate8T *overnments in diގerent meetings to create separate Directorates, deployment of manpower in SPMU & DPMU in the States/UTs for speedy development and implementation of NAM scheme As on date, separate Ayush Directorate is available in 24 States/UTs. (SPMU=state project management unit; DPMU=district project management unit) (Para 2.23 of the Report)”
Why relevant

States that public health is a state subject and that creation of departments and implementation of schemes falls under State/UT purview.

How to extend

Combine this rule with knowledge of Indian federalism: if health is a state subject, a nationwide digital health mission may require state-level adoption or rules for mandatory compliance vary by state.

Rajiv Ahir. A Brief History of Modern India (2019 ed.). SPECTRUM. > Chapter 39: After Nehru... > Health Policy > p. 781
Strength: 3/5
“A new National Health Policy was launched in January 2015. Government spending was not increased; instead the role of private healthcare organisations was emphasised. In this, the Modi government showed a different path from that of the UPA government, which had supported programmes to assist public health goals. Several national health programmes, including those aimed at controlling tobacco use and supporting healthcare for the elderly, were merged with the National Health Mission. In 2018, the Ayushman Bharat programme, a government health insurance scheme, was launched. On October 2, 2014 was launched the Swachh Bharat Mission (Clean India Mission), Prime Minister Modi's flagship sanitation campaign, the belief being that sanitation was basic to ensuring good health.”
Why relevant

Notes increased emphasis on private healthcare organisations in national health policy and inclusion of private facilities in Ayushman Bharat insurance coverage.

How to extend

A student could infer that because private facilities are significant stakeholders, any mandate affecting them would likely involve policy/contractual mechanisms (e.g., linking insurance empanelment to compliance) rather than unilateral top-down compulsion.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 6: Economic Planning in India > 6.22 Indian Economy > p. 152
Strength: 3/5
“• Name of the Index: District Hospital Index; Details: NITI undertook the exercise of tracking the performance of district hospitals based on outcomes. It has been done in collaboration with Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) and the National Accreditation Board of Hospitals, Quality Council of India. Data validation of the health-management-information system for 707 district hospitals (97%) has been completed and the analysis of results is underway. • Sl. No.: \mathbf{1}; Planning Commission (PC): PC enjoyed the power to allocate funds to Ministries and State Governments.; NITI Aayog (NA): NA has no financial power of fund allocation. It is only a think tank. • Sl.”
Why relevant

Describes central tracking/indices (District Hospital Index) and collaboration with national bodies for hospital performance monitoring — an example of central measurement relying on data from hospitals.

How to extend

Use this example to consider whether data-driven central indices have historically been enforced by mandate or participation/coordination, informing how a digital mission might be rolled out to hospitals.

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Statement analysis

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