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Q21 (IAS/2022) Economy › Growth, Development, Poverty & Employment › Employment trends India Official Key

In India, which one of the following compiles information on industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments and lay-offs in factories employing workers?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 3: Labour Bureau.

The Labour Bureau, an attached office of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, is the apex national-level organization responsible for the collection, compilation, and dissemination of statistics on various facets of labour. Specifically, it compiles data on industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments, and lay-offs under the provisions of the Industrial Disputes Act, 1947.

Reasons why other options are incorrect:

  • Central Statistics Office (CSO): Focuses on national accounts, GDP, and the Annual Survey of Industries, but not specific industrial relations data.
  • DPIIT: Deals with industrial policy, FDI, and investment promotion rather than labour-specific statistics.
  • NTMIS: Focuses on human resource planning and technical manpower, not industrial disputes.

Thus, the Labour Bureau serves as the specialized nodal agency for monitoring industrial relations and labour welfare statistics in India.

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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. In India, which one of the following compiles information on industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments and lay-offs in factories emplo…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 5/10
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Statement 1
Does the Central Statistics Office (India) compile information on industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments and lay-offs in factories employing workers?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 4/5
"This edition of publication titled “Statistics on Industrial Disputes, Closures, Retrenchments and Lay-offs” compiled on the basis of the information furnished / supplied voluntarily on monthly basis by the Labour Commissioners of the States and the Regional Labour Commissioners (Central) presents statistics on Industrial Disputes resulting in temporary work-stoppages, permanent closures, retrenchments and lay-offs during the year 2022."
Why this source?
  • States that the publication “Statistics on Industrial Disputes, Closures, Retrenchments and Lay-offs” is compiled from information furnished by Labour Commissioners and Regional Labour Commissioners (Central).
  • Shows that these statistics are produced by the Labour Bureau process, not by a Central Statistics Office attribution in the passage.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"Reports on Statistics on Industrial Disputes Closures Retrenchments and Lay Offs in industries in India."
Why this source?
  • Official Labour Bureau page title refers to reports on statistics for industrial disputes, closures, retrenchments and lay-offs in industries in India.
  • Indicates the Labour Bureau as the source/host of these statistical reports rather than naming the Central Statistics Office.
Web source
Presence: 3/5
"The current edition presents statistics of Industrial Disputes resulting in temporary work- stoppages, permanent closures, retrenchments and lay-offs during"
Why this source?
  • The Labour Bureau publication explicitly presents statistics of industrial disputes resulting in work-stoppages, closures, retrenchments and lay-offs.
  • Reinforces that these specific statistics are produced by the Labour Bureau series of reports.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 12: Indian Industry > Annual Survey of Industries > p. 386
Strength: 5/5
“• It is the principal source of industrial statistics related to organised manufacturing … sector in the entire country. • Annual Survey of Industries (ASI) is published annually by CSO (now NSO), which works e. under the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation. • Information during ASI is collected as per provisions under Collection of Statistics Act, 2008. … • ASI covers: • All the factories registered under Sec 2(m)(i) and 2(m)(ii) of the Factories Act. 1948 (i.e. those factories employing 10 or more workers using power and those employing 20 or more without using power).”
Why relevant

Describes ASI as published by CSO/NSO and notes ASI covers all factories registered under the Factories Act (thresholds for number of workers).

How to extend

A student could infer that since CSO/NSO collects detailed factory-level statistics (by legal coverage), it is a plausible place to look for additional factory-related indicators such as disputes/closures/lay-offs and then check ASI tables or metadata.

Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 12: Indian Industry > Index of Industrial Production (IIP) > p. 384
Strength: 4/5
“• The Central Statistics Office (CSO; now NSO) under the Ministry of Statistics and ä Programme Implementation compiles and publishes the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) every month.• IIP is a statistical measure of industrial performance. e.• It measures the short-term changes in the volume of production of a basket of industrial ÷ products during a given period with respect to that in a chosen base period. Currently, the base year used is 2011-12”
Why relevant

States that the Central Statistics Office (CSO/NSO) compiles and publishes major industrial statistics (IIP) regularly.

How to extend

One could generalize that CSO/NSO is responsible for industrial statistics beyond production (so a student might search CSO/NSO publications or portals for other industrial indicators like disputes or retrenchments).

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 8: Inclusive growth and issues > Periodic Labour Force Survey (PLFS) > p. 274
Strength: 4/5
“Employment and Unemployment Surveys (EUS) conducted by NSSO were the primary source of labour market data at National and State level in India. Regular EUS were conducted quinquennially (after every five years) since 1972. Considering the importance of availability of labour force data at more frequent intervals, National Statistics Office (NSO) under Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation is conducting PLFS to produce annual statistics of employment and unemployment characteristics for both rural and urban areas, along with quarterly estimates for urban areas. The first annual report based on the data collected in PLFS during July 2017- June 2018 was published in May 2019.”
Why relevant

Explains NSO (successor to CSO/NSSO) conducts labour force surveys (PLFS) producing employment/unemployment statistics.

How to extend

Since NSO collects labour-market data, a student could reasonably check whether NSO/CSO also collects related employer-side events (retrenchment, lay-offs) in its surveys or linked administrative data.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 8: Inclusive growth and issues > Issues with the current laws and impact on economy: > p. 260
Strength: 3/5
“The Industrial Disputes Act 1947 (ID Act) states that an employer cannot layoff or retrenches any worker or close down operations of the establishment without prior permission from the appropriate government. According to employers and economists it has been a major bottleneck of employment generation in the organized sector. The ID Act (through an amendment made in mid 1980s) requires that any firm employing more than 100 workers needs to get permission from the state government before retrenching workers. In view of these rigidities, the employers have been resorting to technology up-gradation with the intention of keeping their workforce below 100.”
Why relevant

Summarises legal requirements under the Industrial Disputes Act about permissions for lay-offs/retrenchment/closure for firms above size thresholds.

How to extend

Knowing these are legally regulated events, a student could expect administrative or statistical agencies (like CSO/NSO) or labour ministries to track such events — so they could check CSO/NSO publications or labour department records for statistics on these events.

Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 8: Inclusive growth and issues > 4. The Industrial Relations Code, 2020 > p. 264
Strength: 3/5
“The new Act replaces the following previous acts (some provisions will be repealed as and when the code comes into effect and some provisions may be repealed in future): • The Trade Unions Act, 1926 • The Industrial Employment Act, 1946 • The Industrial Disputes Act, 1947 • A much larger segment of firms those with workers up to 300 (as against 100 earlier) will be able to resort to closure and retrenchment/ lay off without prior government permission.”
Why relevant

Notes the Industrial Relations Code changes thresholds for closure/retrenchment without permission, expanding the segment affected up to 300 workers.

How to extend

A student could use this rule to identify which firm-size bands are most likely to report closures/retrenchments and then inspect CSO/NSO data tabulated by firm-size to see if such event indicators are present.

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