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Consider the following statements in the context of interventions being undertaken under Anaemia Mukt Bharat Strategy : 1. It provides prophylactic calcium supplementation for pre-school children, adolescents and pregnant women. 2. It runs a campaign for delayed cord clamping at the time of childbirth. 3. It provides for periodic deworming to children and adolescents. 4. It addresses non-nutritional causes of anaemia in endemic pockets with special focus on malaria, hemoglobinopathies and fluorosis. How many of the statements given above are correct?
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 3 (Only three). The Anaemia Mukt Bharat (AMB) strategy, launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, focuses on a 6x6x6 framework to reduce anaemia prevalence.
- Statement 1 is incorrect: The strategy provides prophylactic Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation, not calcium. Calcium can actually inhibit iron absorption if taken simultaneously.
- Statement 2 is correct: AMB promotes delayed cord clamping (by at least 2-3 minutes) for newborns to improve infant iron stores for up to six months.
- Statement 3 is correct: Periodic deworming (using Albendazole) for children and adolescents is a core intervention to prevent iron loss due to parasitic infestations.
- Statement 4 is correct: The strategy addresses non-nutritional causes of anaemia, specifically targeting malaria, hemoglobinopathies (like Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia), and fluorosis in endemic regions.
Since statements 2, 3, and 4 are correct, Option 3 is the right choice.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest previewThis is a 'Scheme Architecture' question. UPSC demands you know the specific pillars of flagship schemes (here, the '6x6x6' strategy), not just the launch year. If a scheme has a numbered framework (like 6 interventions), memorize the exact list.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
Web source
Presence: 1/5
"Anaemia Mukt Bharat strategy has been launched for prophylactic supplementation and therapeutic treatment of anemia by Iron Folic Acid in children (6-59 months), pre-school children (5-9 years), adolescents girls and boys (10-19 years), pregnant and lactating women and in women of reproductive age group (15-49 years) in programme mode through life cycle approach."
Why this source?
- Explicitly states the strategy provides prophylactic supplementation by Iron Folic Acid (IFA) for pre-school children, adolescents and pregnant/lactating women.
- Passage specifies IFA as the prophylactic supplement used under AMB rather than mentioning calcium.
Web source
Presence: 1/5
"The six interventions under Anemia Mukt Bharat strategy are as follows: i) Prophylactic Iron Folic Acid Supplementation ... Bharat strategy is implemented to reduce anaemia among six beneficiaries age group - children (6-59 months), children (5-9 years), adolescents (10-19 years), pregnant and lactating women and in women of reproductive age group (15-49 years)"
Why this source?
- Official NHM description lists 'Prophylactic Iron Folic Acid Supplementation' as one of the six interventions under Anemia Mukt Bharat.
- Defines the beneficiary age groups covered (including children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women), indicating IFA is the prophylactic measure for these groups.
Web source
Presence: 1/5
"Prophylactic Iron Folic Acid supplementation given to children, adolescents, women of reproductive age and pregnant women, irrespective of anemia is a key continued intervention under Anemia Mukt Bharat."
Why this source?
- Operational guidelines state prophylactic Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation is given to children, adolescents, women of reproductive age and pregnant women as a key intervention.
- This passage confirms IFA is the prophylactic supplement used under AMB, not calcium.
- Explicitly states the strategy provides prophylactic supplementation by Iron Folic Acid (IFA) for pre-school children, adolescents and pregnant/lactating women.
- Passage specifies IFA as the prophylactic supplement used under AMB rather than mentioning calcium.
- Official NHM description lists 'Prophylactic Iron Folic Acid Supplementation' as one of the six interventions under Anemia Mukt Bharat.
- Defines the beneficiary age groups covered (including children, adolescents, pregnant and lactating women), indicating IFA is the prophylactic measure for these groups.
- Operational guidelines state prophylactic Iron and Folic Acid (IFA) supplementation is given to children, adolescents, women of reproductive age and pregnant women as a key intervention.
- This passage confirms IFA is the prophylactic supplement used under AMB, not calcium.
CONTEMPORARY INDIA-I ,Geography, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: Population > Adolescent Population > p. 53
Strength: 4/5
âThe most significant feature of the Indian population is the size of its adolescent population. It constitutes one-fifth of the total population of India. Adolescents are, generally, grouped in the age group of 10 to 19 years. They are the most important resource for the future. Nutrition requirements of adolescents are higher than those of a normal child or adult. Poor nutrition can lead to deficiency and stunted growth. But in India, the diet available to adolescents is inadequate in all nutrients. A large number of adolescent girls suffer from anaemia. Their problems have so far not received adequate attention in the process of development.â
Why relevant
Notes a high burden of anaemia among adolescent girls and stresses adolescents' increased nutritional needs.
How to extend
A student could infer that national anaemia programmes target adolescents and therefore check whether such programmes include micronutrient (including calcium) prophylaxis for this group.
Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 6: Adolescence: A Stage of Growth and Change > 6.4.1 Meeting nutritional needs > p. 79
Strength: 3/5
âIn Grade 6 chapter 'Mindful Eating: A Path to a Healthy Body', you learnt about the need for a healthy diet. Since adolescence is a period of growth and development marked by several changes in the body, a nutritious diet is of utmost importance. Based on the locally available foods, fill Table 6.3 with the healthy food sources, nutrients present in them and how these nutrients can help our growth and development. Food sources | Nutrients we get from them | Functions of these nutrients ⢠Milk, millets, curd, cheese, and paneer | Calcium, proteins, fats _________________ | To help optimal bone _________________ | To help proper growth, gain strength, and improve levels ⢠Spinach, kidney beans, and dried fruits like raisins, and figs | Iron _________________ | To help in the formation of bloodâ
Why relevant
Identifies calcium as an important nutrient (milk, curd, paneer) required for growth and bone development in adolescents.
How to extend
Use this nutritional role to evaluate whether a public health strategy aiming to improve adolescent nutrition might plausibly include calcium supplementation alongside iron/folate.
Economics, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 4: Food Security in India > Let's Discuss > p. 45
Strength: 4/5
âThis is a matter of serious concern as it puts even the unborn baby at the risk of malnutrition. A large proportion of pregnant and nursing mothers and children under the age of 5 years constitute an important segment of the food insecure population. According to the National Health and Family Survey (NHFS) 1998â99, the number of such women and children is approximately 11 crore. The food insecure people are disproportionately large in some regions of the country, such as economically backward states with high incidence of poverty, tribal and remote areas, regions more prone to natural disasters etc. In fact, the states of Uttar Pradesh (eastern and south-eastern parts), Bihar, Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal, Chattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh and Maharasthra account for largest number of food insecure people in the country.â
Why relevant
States that pregnant and nursing mothers and children under 5 form a large food-insecure group at risk of malnutrition.
How to extend
A student can reason that national interventions aiming to reduce maternal/child malnutrition could include supplementation programmes (so check policy details for calcium provision).
Indian Economy, Vivek Singh (7th ed. 2023-24) > Chapter 9: Subsidies > Subsidies > p. 296
Strength: 4/5
âThe Act provides additional benefits to:
⢠Pregnant women and lactating mothers: Free meal during pregnancy and up to six months after child birth through Aanganwadi and Rs. 6000 in instalments⢠Children aged 6 months to 6 years: Free meal at local Aanganwadi⢠Children aged 6 years to 14 years: Mid-day meal scheme at schoolâ
Why relevant
Describes targeted benefits delivered through Aanganwadi for pregnant/lactating women and young children (meals, cash instalments).
How to extend
Since Aanganwadi is a platform for maternal/child nutrition services, one could look there for operational details (e.g., whether calcium prophylaxis is supplied via this network under Anaemia Mukt Bharat).
Economics, Class IX . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Poverty as a Challenge > Anti-Poverty Measures > p. 40
Strength: 3/5
âPradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan was launched in 2016 with the aim to reduce maternal and infant mortality by providing quality antenatal care to the pregnant women throughout the country. The scheme works towards safe pregnancies, deliveries and addresses gaps in the service of the maternal care, to ensure constant and regular treatment to the beneficiaries. Services are provided on the ninth day of every month. This programme follows a systematic approach for engagement with private practitioners, motivating them to volunteer in the scheme at government health facilities. Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) aims towards women empowerment in rural areas.â
Why relevant
Mentions Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan providing systematic antenatal care to pregnant women.
How to extend
A student might check antenatal-care protocols under this scheme and related national anaemia initiatives to see if calcium prophylaxis for pregnant women is included.
Notes a high burden of anaemia among adolescent girls and stresses adolescents' increased nutritional needs.
A student could infer that national anaemia programmes target adolescents and therefore check whether such programmes include micronutrient (including calcium) prophylaxis for this group.
Identifies calcium as an important nutrient (milk, curd, paneer) required for growth and bone development in adolescents.
Use this nutritional role to evaluate whether a public health strategy aiming to improve adolescent nutrition might plausibly include calcium supplementation alongside iron/folate.
States that pregnant and nursing mothers and children under 5 form a large food-insecure group at risk of malnutrition.
A student can reason that national interventions aiming to reduce maternal/child malnutrition could include supplementation programmes (so check policy details for calcium provision).
Describes targeted benefits delivered through Aanganwadi for pregnant/lactating women and young children (meals, cash instalments).
Since Aanganwadi is a platform for maternal/child nutrition services, one could look there for operational details (e.g., whether calcium prophylaxis is supplied via this network under Anaemia Mukt Bharat).
Mentions Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan providing systematic antenatal care to pregnant women.
A student might check antenatal-care protocols under this scheme and related national anaemia initiatives to see if calcium prophylaxis for pregnant women is included.
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