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Q53 (IAS/2023) Science & Technology › New Materials, Energy & Environment-linked Tech › Advanced materials and nanotech Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircrafts. 2. Carbon fibres once used cannot be recycled. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: A
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 1.

Statement 1 is correct: Carbon fibres are industrial materials characterized by high tensile strength, low weight, and high chemical resistance. These properties make them ideal for the aerospace and automotive industries, where reducing weight while maintaining structural integrity is crucial for fuel efficiency and performance. They are extensively used in aircraft wings, fuselages, and high-performance car chassis.

Statement 2 is incorrect: While recycling carbon fibre is technically challenging due to its composite nature, it is not impossible. Modern thermal (pyrolysis) and chemical (solvolysis) processes allow for the recovery of carbon fibres from end-of-life components. Recycled carbon fibre retains significant mechanical properties and is increasingly used in secondary applications, making the claim that they "cannot be recycled" factually wrong.

Therefore, only the first statement holds true, making Option 1 the right choice.

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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Guest preview
Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircrafts. 2. Ca…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 6.7/10
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This is a classic 'Science of Possibility' question. Statement 1 tests general awareness of material properties (light & strong = aerospace/auto). Statement 2 is a 'Technological Pessimism' trap; in Science & Tech, absolute negatives like 'cannot be recycled' are almost always false because technology evolves to solve limitations.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Are carbon fibres used in the manufacture of components for automobiles?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 4/5
"manufacture of tarpaulins, tents, camping goods of textile materials, windsurfing and boat sails, sun blinds, loose covers for cars, machines or furniture, parachutes, see 1399 - manufacture of fabrics of glass fibres, see 1399 - manufacture of carbon fibres and articles of carbon fibres, for non-electrical purposes, see 2399"
Why this source?
  • The passage explicitly references the manufacture of carbon fibres and articles of carbon fibres for non-electrical purposes.
  • The same section lists car-related manufactured textile items (e.g., loose covers for cars), linking the manufacturing context to automotive products.

Geography of India ,Majid Husain, (McGrawHill 9th ed.) > Chapter 11: Industries > AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY > p. 44
Strength: 3/5
“The automobile industry was delicensed in July 1991 with the announcement of the New Industrial Policy. The passenger car was, however, delicensed in 1993. At present 100% FDI is permissible in automobile industry. The auto industry directly or indirectly employs 12.5 million people and contributes 5% of national GDP (India 2012, p. 704). The automobile industry is mainly located near the iron and steel producing centres as steel is the basic raw material used in the industry. The automobile industry is also located near the markets and the seaports. Some of the automobile industries have been located in the under-developed areas of isolation and relative isolation (Fig.”
Why relevant

Describes the automobile industry and notes steel as the basic raw material used in the industry, implying vehicles rely on structural materials and material choice matters.

How to extend

A student could combine this with knowledge that manufacturers sometimes substitute or supplement steel with lighter high-strength materials (e.g., composite fibres) to reduce weight.

Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 28: Manufacturing Industry and The Iron and Steel Industry > Groups of Industries > p. 279
Strength: 4/5
“Some of the most important products of this branch of industry include: acids, alkalis, gases, dye-stuffs, soap, paints, varnishes, solvents, detergents, fertilizers, insecticides, pharmaceuticals (drugs and medicines), glass, plastics, paper and pulp, synthetic fibres and synthetic oils. 6. Textiles. This is one of the oldest and the most widespread industries. It is the spinning and weaving of textile materials from cotton, wool, flax (linen), silk, jute, hemp and hairs. The existing textile centres have also developed artificial fibres from synthetic or nitrogenous materials, e.g. rayon, nylon, dacron, teteron, terylene, perlon (Plate 28.A). 7. Food processing industry.”
Why relevant

Lists plastics and synthetic fibres among important manufacturing products, indicating the manufacturing sector commonly uses non-metal, fibre-based materials.

How to extend

One could extend this pattern to infer that fibre-based reinforcements (including engineered fibres) are plausible choices for vehicle components where plastics/synthetics are used.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 12: Major Crops and Cropping Patterns in India > Sisal (Agave sisalana) > p. 53
Strength: 5/5
“It is also used for reinforcement in composite materials for manufacturing of low cost composite building materials. Composite panels and corrugated sheets made of sisal fbre composites have been developed by the Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee. Te high strength and durability has opened the scope of sisal for manufacturing of geotextiles. Sisal fbre is used for manufacturing cordage—rope, twine, foor covering, steel rope, carpets, etc. because of its strength. Due to its durability, ability to stretch, and its afnity for dyes, it can be used for industrial fabric. It is also used for low cost and speciality paper. Geotextiles, mattresses, carpets and wall coverings and other handicrafts.”
Why relevant

Shows natural fibres (sisal) are used as reinforcement in composite materials for manufacturing durable panels and industrial products.

How to extend

From this example, a student can generalise that fibres (natural or engineered) are used to reinforce composites — making it reasonable to check whether high-performance fibres like carbon fibre are used similarly in auto parts.

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 5: Secondary Activities > MANUFACTURING CTURING > p. 36
Strength: 3/5
“Manufacturing involves a full array of production from handicrafts to moulding iron and steel and stamping out plastic toys to assembling delicate computer components or space vehicles. In each of these processes, the common characteristics are the application of power, mass production of identical products and specialised labour in factory settings for the production of standardised commodities. Manufacturing may be done with modern power and machinery or it may still be very primitive. Most of the Third World countries still 'manufacture' in the literal sense of the term. It is difficult to present a full picture of all the manufacturers in these countries.”
Why relevant

Explains manufacturing covers a wide range from plastic toys to space vehicles, emphasising specialised materials and processes in producing components.

How to extend

Knowing the diversity of manufacturing, a student could infer that specialised, high-performance materials (such as carbon-fibre composites) may be used in sectors requiring strength-to-weight advantages, like automobiles.

Statement analysis

This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.

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Statement analysis

This statement analysis shows book citations, web sources and indirect clues. The first statement (S1) is open for preview.

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