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Q13 (IAS/2023) Environment & Ecology β€Ί Biodiversity & Protected Areas β€Ί Invasive and exotic species Official Key

'Invasive Species Specialist Group' (that develops Global Invasive Species Database) belongs to which one of the following organizations?

Result
Your answer: β€”  Β·  Correct: A
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 1.

The Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) is a global network of scientific and policy experts on invasive species. It is one of the specialist groups organized under the Species Survival Commission (SSC) of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).

The ISSG manages the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD), which provides critical data on alien species that threaten biodiversity. The group's primary objective is to reduce threats to ecosystems by increasing awareness and providing specialized knowledge for management and policy-making.

  • Option 2: UNEP coordinates global environmental activities but does not host the ISSG.
  • Option 3: The WCED (Brundtland Commission) focused on sustainable development and is not a permanent scientific body.
  • Option 4: WWF is an international NGO that focuses on conservation but operates independently of the ISSG’s scientific database management.
How others answered
Each bar shows the % of students who chose that option. Green bar = correct answer, blue outline = your choice.
Community Performance
Out of everyone who attempted this question.
53%
got it right
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Q. 'Invasive Species Specialist Group' (that develops Global Invasive Species Database) belongs to which one of the following organizations?…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 Β· 10/10

This question rewards 'structural literacy' over rote memorization. While standard books scream 'IUCN = Red List', they also mention IUCN's 'Commissions'. The logic is simple: The organization that tracks 'Threatened Species' (Red List) is the most logical host for tracking 'Invasive Species' (the threat itself).

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Species Database) part of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN)?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"6.1.6 Maintain and update the Global Invasive Species Database. IUCN Invasive Species Specialist Group IUCN Environmental Impact Classification of Alien Taxa (EICAT) IUCN Global Invasive Species Database (GISD)"
Why this source?
  • An IUCN document lists 'Maintain and update the Global Invasive Species Database' immediately followed by 'IUCN Invasive Species Specialist Group', linking the database to the IUCN group.
  • Shows the GISD is maintained/updated by the IUCN Invasive Species Specialist Group, indicating the group is an IUCN entity.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group maintains two global databases: the Global Invasive Species Database (www.iucngisd.org), which contains ..."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly names the group as 'The IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group'.
  • States that this IUCN group 'maintains ... the Global Invasive Species Database', directly tying ISSG, GISD, and IUCN.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"The IUCN Secretariat and Species Survival Commission [Invasive Species Specialist Group] work together to tackle invasive alien species and their impacts ..."
Why this source?
  • States that the IUCN Secretariat and Species Survival Commission's Invasive Species Specialist Group work together, linking ISSG to IUCN's organizational structure.
  • Supports that the ISSG is a component associated with IUCN (Species Survival Commission).

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 8: Biodiversity > 8.2. T}IE RED DATA BOOK > p. 147
Strength: 5/5
β€œSpecies judged as threatened are listed by various agencies as well as by some private organizations. The most cited of these lists is the Red Data Book. It is a loose-leaf volume of information on the status of many kinds of species. This volume is continually updated and is issued by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) located in Morges, Switzerland. 'iRed' of course is symbolic of danger that the species, both plants and animals, presently experience throughout the globe. The Red Data Book was first issued in 1966 by the IUCN Special Survival Commission as a guide for formulation, preservation and management of species listed.”
Why relevant

Mentions the 'IUCN Special Survival Commission' as an IUCN body that issues major resources (Red Data Book), showing IUCN has named specialist/commission structures that produce databases and lists.

How to extend

A student could check whether the Invasive Species Specialist Group is listed as one of IUCN's specialist groups or commissions, or whether the Global Invasive Species Database is produced under such a commission.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 13: Plant Diversity of India > 13.4. INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES > p. 199
Strength: 4/5
β€œPurposely or accidentally, people often bring nonnative species into new areas where the species have few or no natural predators to keep their populations in check. Aliens are species that occur outside their natural range. Alien species that threaten native plants and animals or other aspects of biodiversity are called alien invasive species. They occur in all groups of plants and animals, as competitors, predators, pathogens and parasites, and they have invaded almost every type of native ecosystem. Biological invasion by alien species is recognised as one of the major threats to native species and ecosystems. The effects on biodiversity are enormous and often irreversible.”
Why relevant

Defines 'alien invasive species' and frames biological invasion as a major conservation issue, implying a rationale for a dedicated specialist group within conservation organizations.

How to extend

Given the topic's importance, a student could reasonably look for a specialist group within major conservation bodies (like IUCN) focused on invasive species and their databases.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.12. IUCN > p. 403
Strength: 4/5
β€œ& EIIANI<AR IUCN was founded in October 1948 as the International Union for the Protection of Nature (or IUPN) following an international conference in Fontainebleau, France, The organization changed its name to 'the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources' in 1956 with the acronym IUCN (or UICN) with its headquarters in Gland, Switzerland.”
Why relevant

Provides background that IUCN is a longstanding, institutionalized international union with headquarters and formal name changes, implying capacity to host specialist groups and run global programs.

How to extend

Use this to justify searching IUCN organizational structure (specialist groups, commissions, or member networks) for an Invasive Species Specialist Group.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 21: Mitigation Strategies > zt.z A, International Cooperation > p. 283
Strength: 3/5
β€œConservation International (CI), the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and the Intergovernmental Oceanic Commission (IOC) of UNESCO is collaborating with governments, research institutions, -non-governmental and international organizations, and communities around the world to β€’ Develop management approaches, financial incentives and policy mechanisms for ensuring conservation and restoration of coastal Blue Carbon ecosystems; β€’ Engage local, national, and international governments to ensure policies and regulations support coastal Blue Carbon conservation, management and financing; β€’ Develop comprehensive methods for coastal carbon accounting; β€’ Develop incentive mechanisms such as carbon payment schemes for Blue Carbon projects; and β€’ Implement projects around the world that demonstrate the feasibility of coastal Blue Carbon accounting, management, and incentive agreements; β€’ Support scientific research into the role and importance of coastal Blue Carbon ecosystems for climate change mitigation.”
Why relevant

Shows IUCN collaborates globally with governments and NGOs on targeted conservation initiatives, suggesting it organizes or sponsors thematic groups and databases to support such work.

How to extend

From this pattern, a student could infer that IUCN might sponsor a database on invasive species via a specialist group and then verify naming/affiliation.

FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 14: Biodiversity and Conservation > LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY > p. 117
Strength: 3/5
β€œThe International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) has classified the threatened species of plants and animals into three categories for the purpose of their conservation.”
Why relevant

Notes IUCN classifies threatened species into categories and produces authoritative lists, indicating it creates and maintains taxonomic/conservation data resources.

How to extend

A student could extend this to look for other IUCN-managed databases (e.g., on invasive species) or units responsible for such resources.

Statement 2
Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Species Database) part of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group maintains two global databases: the Global Invasive Species Database (www.iucngisd.org), which contains ..."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly identifies the Invasive Species Specialist Group as part of IUCN's Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC).
  • States the ISSG maintains the Global Invasive Species Database, linking the database developer to IUCN rather than UNEP.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) is managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist"
Why this source?
  • States that the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) is managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist Group.
  • Reinforces that the GISD developer/manager is within IUCN structures, not UNEP.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"The IUCN Secretariat and Species Survival Commission [Invasive Species Specialist Group] (SSC ISSG) work together to tackle IAS and their impacts at all stages,"
Why this source?
  • Describes the Invasive Species Specialist Group as the IUCN SSC ISSG and shows it works with the IUCN Secretariat.
  • Supports the identification of ISSG as part of IUCN organizational structures rather than UNEP.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.6. CITES > p. 398
Strength: 4/5
β€œr In the gallery, global discussion hegan focusing on the rate at which the world's wild animals and plants were being threatened by unregulated international trade. β€’ The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement between governments entered into force in 1975, and became the only treaty to ensure that international trade in plants and animals does not threaten their survival in the wild. β€’ Currently 176 countries are Parties to CITES. β€’ CITES is administered through the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)”
Why relevant

Shows a pattern that UNEP 'administers' certain international environmental agreements and related secretariats (example: CITES is administered through UNEP).

How to extend

A student could check whether the Global Invasive Species Database or its developer is listed among bodies administered or hosted by UNEP, applying the same administrative-relationship test.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > India signs Raptor MOU > p. 400
Strength: 4/5
β€œβ€’ The Indian Government has signed the Raptor MoU on Conservation of Migratory Birds of prey in Africa and Eurasia with the Convention on Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS), or Bonn Convention, under the auspices of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The CMS aims to conserve migratory species throughout their range. β€’ India had become a party to the CMS since November 1943. The Indian sub-continent is also part of the major bird flyway network, i.e., the Central Asian Flyway (CAf') that covers areas between the Arctic and Indian Oceans, and covers at least 179 populations of 88 migratory water bird species, including 29 globally threatened species.”
Why relevant

Gives an example that specific conservation instruments/MEAs (e.g., CMS, Raptor MoU) operate 'under the auspices of' UNEP β€” showing UNEP acts as umbrella for some conservation agreements.

How to extend

A student could look for language like 'under the auspices of UNEP' or 'hosted by UNEP' in descriptions of the Invasive Species Specialist Group or the database to see if a similar umbrella relationship exists.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > UN-BEDD Programme > p. 347
Strength: 3/5
β€œβ€’ Administered by UNDPβ€’ Area of focus Mitigation REDDβ€’ Date operational zooS Three UN Agencies - United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) - have collaborated in the estabiishment of the UN-REDD programme, a multi-donor trust {und that allows donors to pool resources and provide funding with the-aim of significantly reducing global emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries. Through its nine initial country programme activities in Africa, Asia and Latin America, the UN-REDD Programme supports the capacity of national governments to prepare and implement national REDD strategies with the involvement of all stakeholders.”
Why relevant

Demonstrates UNEP collaborates with other UN agencies on joint programmes (example: UN-REDD with UNDP and FAO), suggesting some environmental initiatives are multi-agency rather than solely UNEP-run.

How to extend

A student could investigate whether the Global Invasive Species Database is a UNEP-only initiative or a collaborative/hosted project with other organizations (which would weaken a claim that it is strictly part of UNEP).

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > cAtegorIzAtIon of specIes. > p. 11
Strength: 4/5
β€œTe International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) which publishes the Red Data Book has categorised the species under the following: β€’ β€’ β€’ (v) Endangered Species, (vi) Vulnerable Species,β€’ β€’ (ix) Not Evaluated.β€’ (i) Extinct Species, (ii) Normal Speciesβ€’ (iii) Rare Species, (iv) Critically Endangered Species, β€’ β€’ (vii) Near Treatened, (viii) Data Defcient and Te criteria and illustrations of the various categories of species has been given below:”
Why relevant

Identifies a pattern where specialist conservation bodies (e.g., IUCN) publish and categorise species (Red Data Book), implying such specialist groups often sit within non-UN conservation organizations.

How to extend

A student could check if the Invasive Species Specialist Group is organized under a non-UN conservation body (like IUCN) rather than UNEP, using the pattern that specialist databases are commonly produced by such NGOs.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Nature conservation > p. 389
Strength: 3/5
β€œtA5 β€’ r. United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED) β€’ e. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) β€’ 3. Ramsar Convention on Wetlands β€’ 4. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Flora (CITES) β€’ 5. The Wildlife Trade Monitoring Network (TRAFFIC) β€’ 6. Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species (CMS) β€’ 7. Coalition Against Wildlife Trafficking (CAWT) β€’ 8. International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO) β€’ g.”
Why relevant

Lists a range of international nature-conservation bodies and networks (TRAFFIC, CMS, CITES, CBD) associated with global governance of species β€” illustrating multiple possible institutional homes for species-related databases.

How to extend

A student could compare organizational homepages of these listed bodies to see whether the Global Invasive Species Database is grouped with UNEP-run bodies or with independent specialist networks.

Statement 3
Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Species Database) part of the United Nations World Commission for Environment and Development?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group maintains two global databases: the Global Invasive Species Database (www.iucngisd.org), which contains ..."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly names the 'IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group' as the maintainer of the Global Invasive Species Database (links ISSG to GISD).
  • Identifies the group as part of IUCN's Species Survival Commission (SSC), indicating its IUCN affiliation rather than a UN World Commission affiliation.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) is managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist"
Why this source?
  • States the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) 'is managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist...', linking GISD management to IUCN SSC ISSG.
  • Reinforces ISSG's institutional placement within IUCN/SSC rather than within a United Nations World Commission.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"The IUCN Secretariat and Species Survival Commission [Invasive Species Specialist Group] (SSC ISSG) work together to tackle IAS and their impacts at all stages,"
Why this source?
  • Describes the IUCN Secretariat and Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist Group (SSC ISSG) working together, further confirming ISSG's role within IUCN/SSC.
  • Supports the inference that ISSG is an IUCN/SSC entity, not described as part of any United Nations World Commission in these sources.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Missionss > p. 403
Strength: 5/5
β€œTo influence, encourage and assist societies throughout the world to conserve the integrity and diversiry of nature and to ensure that any use of natural resources is equitable and ecologically sustainable. IUCN supports scientific research, manages field projects globally and brings governments, nongovernment organizations, United Nations agencies, companies and local communities together to develop and implement policy. IUCN Members include both States and nongovernmental organizations' A neutral forum for governments, NGOs, scientists, business and local communities to find practical solutions to conservation and development challenges.”
Why relevant

Explains that IUCN 'supports scientific research' and hosts commissions and members including NGOs and states β€” implying specialist groups can be organized under IUCN rather than UN bodies.

How to extend

A student could check whether the Invasive Species Specialist Group is listed as an IUCN specialist group (which would suggest it is IUCN-affiliated, not a UN World Commission entity).

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 8: Biodiversity > 8.2. T}IE RED DATA BOOK > p. 147
Strength: 4/5
β€œSpecies judged as threatened are listed by various agencies as well as by some private organizations. The most cited of these lists is the Red Data Book. It is a loose-leaf volume of information on the status of many kinds of species. This volume is continually updated and is issued by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) located in Morges, Switzerland. 'iRed' of course is symbolic of danger that the species, both plants and animals, presently experience throughout the globe. The Red Data Book was first issued in 1966 by the IUCN Special Survival Commission as a guide for formulation, preservation and management of species listed.”
Why relevant

Notes that the IUCN Special Survival Commission issues the Red Data Book β€” an example that IUCN runs named commissions/specialist bodies that produce global databases/lists.

How to extend

Use this pattern (IUCN commissions produce global databases) to infer that a global invasive-species database might plausibly be produced by an IUCN specialist group rather than a UN World Commission.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 13: Plant Diversity of India > 13.4. INVASIVE ALIEN SPECIES > p. 199
Strength: 3/5
β€œPurposely or accidentally, people often bring nonnative species into new areas where the species have few or no natural predators to keep their populations in check. Aliens are species that occur outside their natural range. Alien species that threaten native plants and animals or other aspects of biodiversity are called alien invasive species. They occur in all groups of plants and animals, as competitors, predators, pathogens and parasites, and they have invaded almost every type of native ecosystem. Biological invasion by alien species is recognised as one of the major threats to native species and ecosystems. The effects on biodiversity are enormous and often irreversible.”
Why relevant

Defines 'invasive alien species' as a biodiversity topic and situates it within conservation literature β€” showing the topic area where specialist groups (IUCN or UN) operate.

How to extend

Combine this topical linkage with knowledge of which organizations maintain global species databases to ask whether the database developer aligns with IUCN-style specialist groups or a UN commission.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.1. UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (UNEP) > p. 387
Strength: 4/5
β€œThe United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) is the leading global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda, promotes the coherent implementation of the environmental dimension of sustainable development within the United Nations system, and serves as an authoritative advocate for the global environment.”
Why relevant

Describes UNEP as 'the leading global environmental authority' within the UN system β€” marking a clear distinction between UN agencies/commissions and independent bodies like IUCN.

How to extend

A student could use this to distinguish whether an organization is a UN agency/commission (like UNEP-affiliated) versus an independent NGO/union (like IUCN) when assessing the ISSG's institutional home.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.6. CITES > p. 398
Strength: 3/5
β€œr In the gallery, global discussion hegan focusing on the rate at which the world's wild animals and plants were being threatened by unregulated international trade. β€’ The Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) is an international agreement between governments entered into force in 1975, and became the only treaty to ensure that international trade in plants and animals does not threaten their survival in the wild. β€’ Currently 176 countries are Parties to CITES. β€’ CITES is administered through the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)”
Why relevant

Shows an example (CITES) of an international treaty administered through a UN-linked program (UNEP), illustrating how some global environmental mechanisms are UN-affiliated while others are not.

How to extend

Apply this pattern to test whether the Global Invasive Species Database developer is administered via a UN program/treaty structure or by a non-UN conservation body.

Statement 4
Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Species Database) part of the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF)?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The IUCN SSC Invasive Species Specialist Group maintains two global databases: the Global Invasive Species Database (www.iucngisd.org), which contains ..."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly identifies the Invasive Species Specialist Group as part of IUCN’s Species Survival Commission (IUCN SSC).
  • States that this group maintains the Global Invasive Species Database, tying the database developer to IUCN SSC rather than WWF.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"The Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) is managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist"
Why this source?
  • Clearly states the Global Invasive Species Database (GISD) is managed by the IUCN Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist Group.
  • Reinforces that responsibility for the GISD lies with IUCN SSC ISSG (not with WWF).
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"The IUCN Secretariat and Species Survival Commission [Invasive Species Specialist Group] (SSC ISSG) work together to tackle IAS"
Why this source?
  • Describes the IUCN Secretariat and the Species Survival Commission Invasive Species Specialist Group working together on invasive speciesβ€”placing ISSG within the IUCN structure.
  • Supports the identification of ISSG as an IUCN SSC entity rather than as part of WWF.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 8: Biodiversity > 8.2. T}IE RED DATA BOOK > p. 147
Strength: 5/5
β€œSpecies judged as threatened are listed by various agencies as well as by some private organizations. The most cited of these lists is the Red Data Book. It is a loose-leaf volume of information on the status of many kinds of species. This volume is continually updated and is issued by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) located in Morges, Switzerland. 'iRed' of course is symbolic of danger that the species, both plants and animals, presently experience throughout the globe. The Red Data Book was first issued in 1966 by the IUCN Special Survival Commission as a guide for formulation, preservation and management of species listed.”
Why relevant

States that the IUCN Special Survival Commission issued the Red Data Book, showing IUCN operates specialist commissions/groups that produce major species lists/databases.

How to extend

A student could infer specialist groups that compile global species databases are often organizationally linked to IUCN structures rather than to separate NGOs like WWF and then check ISSG's affiliation accordingly.

FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 14: Biodiversity and Conservation > Endangered Species > p. 117
Strength: 4/5
β€œIt includes those species which are in danger of extinction. The IUCN publishes information about endangered species world-wide as the Red List of threatened species.”
Why relevant

Notes IUCN publishes the global Red List, illustrating that IUCN (not WWF) is a major producer/maintainer of global species-status resources.

How to extend

Use the pattern that major global species databases are IUCN-associated to suspect the Global Invasive Species Database/ISSG may be IUCN-linked and verify that affiliation.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > E., |.V.,tr , > p. 398
Strength: 3/5
β€œβ€’ R. Birdlife International (formerly ICBP) β€’ Z. IUCN * The International Union for the Conservation of Nature β€’ 3. IWMI The International Water Management Institute β€’ 4. Wetlands International (formerly IWRB, the Asian Wetlands Bureau, and Wetlands for the Americas) β€’ 5. WWF (World Wide Fund for Nature) International”
Why relevant

Lists WWF separately among international conservation organisations, indicating WWF is an independent NGO/actor in conservation.

How to extend

Because WWF appears as a distinct international NGO, a student can treat WWF and IUCN as separate institutions and thus consider that a specialist group might belong to IUCN rather than WWF.

Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Environment and Natural Resources > ARE FORESTS "WILDERNESS"? > p. 91
Strength: 3/5
β€œSome of the most famous wilderness struggles have been fought in the forests Do you agree with the efforts made by ecologists? Do you agree with the way ecologists are portrayed here? of Brazil and Indonesia. All of these campaigns focus on individual species as well as the conservation of the wilderness habitats, which support them. Many of the wilderness issues have been renamed biodiversity issues in recent times, as the concept of wilderness has been proved difficult to sell in the South. Many of these campaigns have been initiated and funded by NGOs such as the Worldwide Wildlife Fund (WWF), in association with local people.”
Why relevant

Describes WWF (Worldwide Wildlife/Fund) as an NGO that initiates and funds campaigns focused on species and habitats, suggesting WWF’s role is advocacy/funding rather than hosting specialist taxonomic commissions.

How to extend

From this, a student could hypothesize WWF runs conservation programs but may not host formal specialist scientific commissions, prompting checking which organisation administratively hosts ISSG.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 13: Plant Diversity of India > 13.4.1. Invasion and Species Richness > p. 199
Strength: 2/5
β€œThe invasions potentially lead to an increase in species richness, as invasive species are added to the existing species pool. But it also leads to extinction of native species, resulting in decrease of species richness. The negative interactions are primarily competition with natives for food and sustenance, which may not allow coexistence, and by predation.”
Why relevant

Explains invasive species are a recognized scientific topic (invasion and species richness), implying existence of specialist groups/databases focused on invasives.

How to extend

A student could combine this with the knowledge that major global species databases are often maintained by international scientific unions (e.g., IUCN) to guide where to look for the developer/host of the Global Invasive Species Database.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC consistently tests the 'Institutional Home' of major global databases. The pattern is: Scientific/Technical Assessment bodies (like IUCN/IPCC) vs. Administrative/Funding bodies (like UNEP/GEF/WWF). Distinguish between who 'funds' it (WWF/GEF) and who 'develops/maintains' the science (IUCN).
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Conceptual Sitter. Standard books (Shankar/NCERT) link IUCN to the 'Species Survival Commission' and 'Red Data Book'. Extending this mandate to 'Invasive Species' is a logical step.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: International Environmental Organizations > IUCN > Organizational Structure (Commissions & Outputs).
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize IUCN's 6 Commissions: 1) Species Survival Commission (SSC) - produces Red List & GISD; 2) World Commission on Protected Areas (WCPA) - produces Green List; 3) Commission on Ecosystem Management (CEM) - Red List of Ecosystems; 4) CEESP; 5) CEL; 6) CEC. Contrast with UNEP-WCMC (World Conservation Monitoring Centre).
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Don't just memorize the 'Red List'. Ask: 'Who owns the data?' for every major environmental theme. If it's a scientific database on nature, IUCN is the default suspect. If it's a treaty secretariat, UNEP is the suspect.
Concept hooks from this question
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S1
πŸ‘‰ IUCN organizational structure and specialist commissions
πŸ’‘ The insight

IUCN operates through specialist commissions and an institutional structure that undertake species-focused work.

High-yield for UPSC because questions often ask how international conservation bodies are organized and how their internal commissions produce major outputs; connects to governance of global environmental regimes and national coordination with multilateral institutions.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.12. IUCN > p. 403
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 8: Biodiversity > 8.2. T}IE RED DATA BOOK > p. 147
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S1
πŸ‘‰ IUCN as the publisher of the Red Data Book and species categorisation
πŸ’‘ The insight

IUCN prepares and publishes global species status listings and formal category schemes used for conservation prioritisation.

Important for questions on biodiversity assessment and conservation policy; links to topics on threatened species, national conservation programs, and international reporting mechanisms.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • FUNDAMENTALS OF PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY, Geography Class XI (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 14: Biodiversity and Conservation > LOSS OF BIODIVERSITY > p. 117
  • Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > cAtegorIzAtIon of specIes. > p. 11
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 8: Biodiversity > 8.2. T}IE RED DATA BOOK > p. 147
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S1
πŸ‘‰ IUCN's role in international conservation partnerships
πŸ’‘ The insight

IUCN collaborates with other international organisations and NGOs on conservation initiatives and policy implementation.

Useful for questions on multilateral environmental cooperation and institutional roles; helps link IUCN to instruments, partnerships and cross-sectoral conservation strategies.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > E., |.V.,tr , > p. 398
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 21: Mitigation Strategies > zt.z A, International Cooperation > p. 283
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S2
πŸ‘‰ UNEP's mandate and role
πŸ’‘ The insight

UNEP is the lead global environmental authority that sets the global environmental agenda and advocates for the environment.

High-yield for UPSC because questions often ask about international environmental governance, the roles of UN bodies, and implementation of environmental policy. Connects to national policy, international law and multilateral diplomacy topics and helps answer questions on institutional responsibilities.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.1. UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME (UNEP) > p. 387
  • Contemporary World Politics, Textbook in political science for Class XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 6: Environment and Natural Resources > Environmental Concerns in Global Politics > p. 83
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S2
πŸ‘‰ International environmental conventions administered or hosted by UNEP
πŸ’‘ The insight

Key multilateral instruments such as CITES are administered through UNEP and some agreements operate under UNEP's auspices.

Important for ethics and polity portions covering treaty implementation and global biodiversity governance; helps in answering questions on which UN agency handles specific treaties and in comparing mandates of different organisations.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > 28.6. CITES > p. 398
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > India signs Raptor MOU > p. 400
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S2
πŸ‘‰ Inter-agency collaboration on environmental programmes (UN-REDD example)
πŸ’‘ The insight

UN-REDD is a pooled programme administered through collaboration of UNEP, UNDP and FAO.

Useful for questions on how international programmes are structured and funded; highlights multi-agency coordination, financing mechanisms and implementation modalities useful for governance and environment papers.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 24: Climate Change Organizations > UN-BEDD Programme > p. 347
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸ“Œ Adjacent topic to master
S3
πŸ‘‰ IUCN: functions and publications (Red Data Book)
πŸ’‘ The insight

IUCN publishes the Red Data Book and functions as a neutral forum bringing states, NGOs, UN agencies, scientists and communities together for conservation and policy implementation.

High-yield for UPSC: questions often ask institutional roles in biodiversity conservation, the bodies responsible for species assessment, and how international conservation governance operates. Mastering IUCN clarifies links between scientific assessment, policy influence, and multistakeholder implementation, and helps answer questions on conservation instruments and actors.

πŸ“š Reading List :
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Missionss > p. 403
  • Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 8: Biodiversity > 8.2. T}IE RED DATA BOOK > p. 147
πŸ”— Anchor: "Is the Invasive Species Specialist Group (developer of the Global Invasive Speci..."
πŸŒ‘ The Hidden Trap

The 'World Database on Protected Areas' (WDPA). Unlike the GISD (purely IUCN), the WDPA is a JOINT product of UNEP and IUCN. This is the perfect trap for a future question to confuse Options A and B.

⚑ Elimination Cheat Code

Keyword Analysis: 'Specialist Group'. UN bodies (UNEP) typically use 'Working Groups', 'Secretariats', or 'Intergovernmental Panels'. 'Specialist Groups' are the specific nomenclature of the IUCN Species Survival Commission (SSC). Also, WWF is primarily an advocacy/funding NGO, not a scientific standard-setting body for global databases.

πŸ”— Mains Connection

Link to GS-3 (Disaster Management & Economy): Invasive species (e.g., Fall Armyworm, Pink Bollworm) are 'Biological Disasters' that threaten Food Security. They are also a potential vector for 'Agro-terrorism' (Internal Security).

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-I Β· 2024 Β· Q65 Relevance score: -2.53

Which organisation publishes worldwide list of endangered species?

CAPF Β· 2013 Β· Q102 Relevance score: -3.86

The logo of which of the following famous organizations is a Giant Panda?

IAS Β· 2015 Β· Q76 Relevance score: -4.17

With reference to an organization known as 'BirdLife International', which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. It is a Global Partnership of Conservation Organizations. 2. The concept of 'biodiversity hotspots' originated from this organization. 3. It identifies the sites known/referred to as Important Bird and Biodiversity Areas'. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

IAS Β· 2014 Β· Q99 Relevance score: -4.40

Which of the following organizations brings out the publication known as World Economic Outlook?

CAPF Β· 2009 Β· Q26 Relevance score: -4.83

Which one of the following is the theme for International Day for Biodiversity in the year 2009 ?