Consider the following statements : Statement I : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change is frequently discussed in global discussions on sustainable development and climate change. Statement II : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change sets out the principles of carbon markets. Statement III : Article 6 of the Paris Agreement on climate change intends to promote inter-country non-market strategies to reach their climate targets. Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

Article 6 establishes market mechanisms and rules for voluntary cooperation between countries to meet climate goals.

High-yield for UPSC because it explains a central mechanism used in international climate diplomacy and links mitigation policy to tradeable instruments; useful for questions on climate governance, international negotiations, and policy instruments.

The Paris Agreement’s provisions require detailed rules to be adopted through the Paris rulebook at international meetings.

Important for aspirants to understand how global agreements move from text to implementation via COP/CMA decisions; connects to topics on international law, multilateral processes, and implementation challenges (e.g., Katowice, Marrakech).

Double counting and the carryover of past credits are core technical and political issues in international carbon-market discussions.

Knowing these specifics helps answer questions on the controversies and technicalities of market mechanisms, negotiator positions, and implications for national targets; useful in essays and policy-analysis questions.

Article 6 establishes the framework and negotiated rules for using market mechanisms and voluntary cooperation between countries to meet Paris goals.

High-yield for UPSC because it links climate diplomacy, international law and market instruments; helps answer questions on how countries meet NDCs, negotiate rules, and use carbon trading as a policy tool. Connects to topics on mitigation finance, international negotiations and national climate policy implementation.

A core principle is that emission reductions sold as offsets cannot also be counted by the seller toward its own targets.

Vital for understanding integrity of carbon markets and disputes in climate negotiations; useful for questions on accounting, transparency, and credibility of NDCs. Links to broader themes of measurement, reporting, verification and trust in multilateral agreements.

Negotiations addressed whether and how credits generated under the Kyoto Protocol could be transferred into the Paris mechanism, including numerical limits.

Important for exam answers on continuity between climate regimes, negotiation trade-offs, and national interests in preserving past credits; enables discussion of negotiation outcomes, equity and market impacts. Connects to history of Kyoto mechanisms and Paris rulebook debates.

Describes Article 6 as establishing three voluntary cooperation mechanisms, two market-based and one non-market approach.

High-yield for UPSC: questions often probe the mechanisms and modalities of the Paris Agreement. Mastering this clarifies distinctions between carbon markets, bilateral/multilateral cooperation, and alternatives used to meet NDCs, and links to COP negotiation outcomes.