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Q37 (IAS/2025) Environment & Ecology › Biodiversity & Protected Areas › Flagship species ecology Answer Verified

Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements : I. It is an omnivorous crustacean. II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas. III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer:  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

The correct answer is option D because statements II and III are correct, while statement I is incorrect.

*Poecilotheria metallica*, also known as the peacock tarantula or Gooty sapphire tarantula, is an Old World species of tarantula[1] – not a crustacean, and it preys upon a variety of insects, including crickets, grasshoppers, and other small bugs[2], making it carnivorous, not omnivorous. Therefore, statement I is false.

The natural habitat of the Gooty sapphire tarantula is the deciduous forests of Andhra Pradesh, located in central southern India, with the species' natural habitat limited to a relatively tight area measuring approximately 39 square miles (100 square kilometers)[3]. This confirms statement II is correct.

Arachnids of the Poecilotheria genus, including the Peacock Tarantula, differ from other Tarantulas in the fact that they live in the crevices and holes of trees[4], confirming statement III is correct as the species is indeed arboreal (tree-dwelling).

Sources
  1. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poecilotheria_metallica
  2. [2] https://focusedconservation.org/2023/07/27/the-endangered-peacock-tarantula/
  3. [4] https://focusedconservation.org/2023/07/27/the-endangered-peacock-tarantula/
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements : I. It is an omnivorous crustacean. II. Its natural h…
At a glance
Origin: Mostly Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 0/10 · 10/10
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This is a classic 'Panic Filter' question. While the species is obscure (Current Affairs), Statement I contains a fundamental biological error (calling a Spider a Crustacean). The strategy is to keep calm and apply basic 10th-standard Science to eliminate the absurd option first.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula, Poecilotheria metallica) an omnivorous crustacean?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"***Poecilotheria metallica***, also known as the **peacock tarantula**, or the **Gooty sapphire tarantula,** is an [Old World] species of [tarantula](/wiki/Theraphosidae "Theraphosidae")."
Why this source?
  • Explicitly identifies Poecilotheria metallica as a tarantula (an arachnid), not a crustacean.
  • Taxonomic placement in the family Theraphosidae shows it is a spider species, contradicting the claim it is a crustacean.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"the tarantula preys upon a variety of insects, including crickets, grasshoppers, and other small bugs."
Why this source?
  • Describes the species as a predator that feeds on insects, showing carnivorous/insectivorous behavior rather than omnivorous crustacean diet.
  • Lists typical prey (crickets, grasshoppers and other small bugs), reinforcing that its diet is terrestrial insects.
Web source
Presence: 4/5
"common names are Gooty sapphire ornamental tree spider, Gooty tarantula, Gooty sapphire, metallic tarantula, and peacock parachute spider."
Why this source?
  • Provides common names calling it a 'Gooty sapphire ornamental tree spider' and 'Gooty tarantula', reinforcing that it is a spider species.
  • Common-name evidence supports that the animal is an arachnid (tarantula), not a crustacean.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 9: Indian Biodiversity Diverse Landscape > Crustaceans > p. 155
Strength: 5/5
“• Most live most ly in the ocean or other waters.• Have a hard, external shell which protects their body• Most commonly known crustaceans are the crab, lobster and barnacle.”
Why relevant

Defines crustaceans as mostly living in ocean/other waters and having a hard external shell, and gives common examples (crab, lobster, barnacle).

How to extend

A student could check whether Poecilotheria metallica is an aquatic, shelled organism like those examples — if not, it is unlikely to be a crustacean.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 14: Marine Organisms > 14.1 PLANKTON > p. 207
Strength: 4/5
“• The term 'plankton' refers to the group of organisms which float in the surface waters of rivers, lakes and oceans.• Includes both microscopic plants like algae (phytoplankton) and animals like crustaceans and protozoans (zooplankton) found in all aquatic ecosystems, except certain swift moving waters.• The locomotory power of planktons is limited so that their distribution is controlled, largely, by currents in the aquatic ecosystems.”
Why relevant

Explains that planktonic animals include crustaceans and that these are found in aquatic ecosystems, reinforcing crustaceans' association with water habitats.

How to extend

Compare the habitat of the named organism with the aquatic habit implied for crustaceans to judge plausibility.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 1: Ecology > Herbivores are primary consumers which feed > p. 7
Strength: 5/5
“Herbivores are primary consumers which feed. e.g. wolves. • mainly on piants e.g. cow, rabbit. • Secondary consumers feed on primary consumers • Carnivores which feed on secondary consumers are called tertiary consumers e.g. lions which can eat wolves. • Omnivores are organisms which consume both plants and animals e.g. man, monkey,”
Why relevant

Gives a clear definition of omnivores as organisms that consume both plants and animals (example: man, monkey).

How to extend

A student could use this dietary definition to investigate whether the tarantula's diet includes both plant and animal matter to determine if 'omnivorous' fits.

Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 3: MAJOR BIOMES > Food Chains in Marine Biomes > p. 33
Strength: 3/5
“Tese zooplanktons come upward during the night time to graze phytoplanktons. Most of the nekton fshes and many benthos animals like carnivorous crustaceans also come upward during nights to catch their preys. Tese carnivorous nekton and benthos animals again return to their respective places during daytime. Te above description reveal that the maritime food chain is very complex. Man's activities in the marine ecosystem have been confned largely to the uppermost trophic level. Exploitation of marine life by man, has been almost solely concerned with animals large enough in size and numbers to make them worth catching. Because of the complexity of the marine ecosystem, the visible afects of pollution are often only seen at a late stage, when it has already afected all trophic levels.”
Why relevant

States that many benthos animals include carnivorous crustaceans, showing that crustacean diets vary (including carnivory).

How to extend

Use this to note that even within crustaceans diets differ, so both taxonomic identity and diet must be checked for the specific species.

Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 12: Animal Diversity of India > Do ycu know? > p. 188
Strength: 3/5
“The major difference between a tortoise and a turtle is that land-dwelling ones are called tortoises and water-dwelling ones are called turtles. Tortoises are herbivorous, while turtles are omnivorous.”
Why relevant

Provides an example where closely related taxa differ in diet (tortoise herbivorous vs turtle omnivorous), illustrating that taxonomic label alone doesn't determine diet.

How to extend

Reminds the student to check both taxonomic class (is it a crustacean?) and dietary habits (is it omnivorous?) separately for the species.

Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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