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Q22 (IAS/2025) Geography › World Physical Geography › World physical mapping Answer Verified

Consider the following countries : I. Bolivia II. Brazil III. Colombia IV. Ecuador V. Paraguay VI. Venezuela Andes mountains pass through how many of the above countries?

Result

Your answer: — · Correct: C

Explanation

The Andes mountains span over 4,300 miles (6,920 km) across seven countries in South America.[2] Among the countries listed in the question, we need to identify which ones the Andes pass through.

The Bolivian Plateau is located between two ranges of the Andes[3], confirming Bolivia is traversed by the Andes. Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela have short single-track rail-lines from ports to the interior with no inter-connecting links[4], indicating these countries have terrain influenced by the Andes. The Tropical Andes biodiversity hotspot sprawls over the equatorial Andes in Ecuador, Peru and Brazil[6], which mentions Brazil but in the context of a specific biodiversity region.

However, Brazil is primarily an Atlantic-facing country with the Amazon Basin, and the Andes form the western boundary of South America. The Andes definitively pass through **Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela** from the given list. Paraguay, located in the interior plains east of the Andes, is not traversed by this mountain range.

Therefore, the Andes pass through **4** of the listed countries (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, though traditionally counted as five: Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru not listed, and Venezuela).

Sources

[3] Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 2: The Earth's Crust > Types of Plateau > p. 23
[4] FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Transport and Communication > Railways RailwaysRailways > p. 58
[5] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > south America > p. 7
[6] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > south America > p. 7

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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.

Q. Consider the following countries : I. Bolivia II. Brazil III. Colombia IV. Ecuador V. Paraguay VI. Venezuela Andes mountains pass t…

At a glance

Origin: Mixed / unclear origin Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 6.7/10 · 0/10

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A classic map-based question solvable with a standard Oxford Atlas. While some ecology books (like Majid Hussain) loosely group Brazil's fringe in 'Andean biodiversity zones', the physical mountain range is strictly defined by the 7 Andean States. This tests your ability to distinguish between a 'Geological Feature' (the range) and an 'Ecological Region'.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1: Do the Andes Mountains pass through Bolivia?
Statement 2: Do the Andes Mountains pass through Brazil?
Statement 3: Do the Andes Mountains pass through Colombia?
Statement 4: Do the Andes Mountains pass through Ecuador?
Statement 5: Do the Andes Mountains pass through Paraguay?
Statement 6: Do the Andes Mountains pass through Venezuela?

Statement 1

Do the Andes Mountains pass through Bolivia?

Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable

From standard books

Certificate Physical and Human Geography , GC Leong (Oxford University press 3rd ed.) > Chapter 2: The Earth's Crust > Types of Plateau > p. 23

Presence: 5/5

“When plateaux are enclosed by fold mountains, they are known as intermont plateaux. Examples are the Tibetan Plateau between the Himalayas and the Kunlun, and the Bolivian Plateau between two ranges of the Andes. Intermont plateaux are some of the highest and the most extensive plateaux in the world. 2. Volcanic plateaux. Molten lava may issue from the Earth's crust and spread over its surface to form successive sheets of basaltic lava. These solidify to form a lava plateau. Some of the better known volcanic plateaux are the Antrim Plateau of Northern Ireland and the north-western part of the Deccan Plateau.”

Why this source?

Explicitly names the Bolivian Plateau as lying between two ranges of the Andes
Directly links a named Bolivian landform to the Andes mountain system

FUNDAMENTALS OF HUMAN GEOGRAPHY, CLASS XII (NCERT 2025 ed.) > Chapter 7: Transport and Communication > Railways RailwaysRailways > p. 58

Presence: 3/5

“Only Chile, among the remaining countries has a considerable route length linking coastal centres with the mining sites in the interior. Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela have short single-track rail-lines from ports to the interior with no inter-connecting links. There is only one trans-continental rail route linking Buenos Aires (Argentina) with Valparaiso (Chile) across the Andes Mountains through the Uspallatta Pass located at a height of 3,900 m. In Asia, rail network is the most dense in the thickly populated areas of Japan, China and India. Other countries have relatively few rail routes. West Asia is the least developed in rail facilities because of vast deserts and sparsely populated regions.”

Why this source?

Discusses Bolivia alongside other South American countries in a paragraph about routes and the Andes region
Places Bolivia in the same geographic context as the trans-Andes rail discussion, supporting Bolivia's location in the Andean zone

Exploring Society:India and Beyond. Social Science-Class VI . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 3: Landforms and Life > THINK ABOUT IT > p. 45

Presence: 3/5

“Most of the world's mountains are grouped in mountain ranges, such as the Himalayas in Asia, the Alps in Europe and the Andes in South America. Some of these ranges stretch for thousands of kilometres. Fig. 3.2 shows pictures of six mountains of the world. Fig. 3.3 brings them together to give a visual impression of their relative heights from top to bottom. Mount Everest (between Tibet (China) and Nepal) and Kanchenjunga (between Nepal and the Indian state of Sikkim) are the two highest peaks of the Himalayan range. Mount Aconcagua (in South America) is the highest peak of the Andes.”

Why this source?

States the Andes are a major mountain range in South America
Provides regional context that the Andes span South America, the continent where Bolivia is located

Statement analysis