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Q87 (IAS/2025) Polity & Governance › Parliament › Parliamentary presiding officers Answer Verified

Consider the following statements : I. On the dissolution of the House of the People, the Speaker shall not vacate his/her office until immediately before the first meeting of the House of the People after the dissolution. II. According to the provisions of the Constitution of India, a Member of the House of the People on being elected as Speaker shall resign from his/her political party immediately. III. The Speaker of the House of the People may be removed from his/her office by a resolution of the House of the People passed by a majority of all the then Members of the House, provided that no resolution shall be moved unless at least fourteen days' notice has been given of the intention to move the resolution. Which of the statements given above are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

**Statement I is CORRECT.** When the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Speaker does not vacate his/her office and continues till the newly-elected Lok Sabha meets.[1] This ensures continuity in parliamentary functioning.

**Statement II is INCORRECT.** In India, the Speaker does not resign from the membership of his/her party on his/her election to the exalted office.[2] While in Britain the Speaker is strictly a nonparty man and there is a convention that the Speaker has to resign from his/her party and remain politically neutral,[2] this healthy convention is not fully established in India.

**Statement III is CORRECT.** The Speaker may be removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority).[3] Additionally, no resolution for this purpose shall be moved unless at least fourteen days' notice has been given of the intention to move the resolution.[4]

Therefore, only statements I and III are correct, making option C the right answer.

Sources
  1. [1] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
  2. [2] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 231
  3. [3] Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
  4. [4] https://www.mea.gov.in/Images/pdf1/Part5.pdf
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : I. On the dissolution of the House of the People, the Speaker shall not vacate his/her office until …
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 7.5/10 · 2.5/10
Statement 1
According to the Constitution of India, does the Speaker of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) continue in office after the Lok Sabha is dissolved until immediately before the first meeting of the House after dissolution?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
Presence: 5/5
“When a resolution for the removal of the Speaker is under consideration of the House, he/ she cannot preside at the sitting of the House, though he/ she may be present. However, he/ she can speak and take part in the proceedings of the House at such a time and vote in the first instance, though not in the case of an equality of votes. It should be noted here that, whenever the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Speaker does not vacate his/her office and continues till the newly-elected Lok Sabha meets. The tenure of the Speakers of the Lok Sabha (from first to present) is mentioned in Thble 23.7.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states that whenever the Lok Sabha is dissolved the Speaker does not vacate office and continues till the newly-elected Lok Sabha meets.
  • Directly addresses continuity of the Speaker's tenure during the period between dissolution and first meeting of the new House.
Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker Pro Tem > p. 232
Presence: 5/5
“As provided by the Constitution, the Speaker of the last Lok Sabha vacates his/ her office immediately before the first meeting of the newly-elected Lok Sabha. Therefore, the President appoints a member of the Lok Sabha as the Speaker Pro Tem. Usually, the seniormost”
Why this source?
  • States that the Speaker of the last Lok Sabha vacates office immediately before the first meeting of the newly-elected Lok Sabha.
  • Specifies the precise timing of vacating (immediately before first meeting), which complements the continuity described elsewhere.
Statement 2
Does the Constitution of India require a Member of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) to resign from their political party immediately upon being elected Speaker?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 231
Presence: 5/5
“In Britain, the Speaker is strictly a nonparty man. There is a convention that the Speaker has to resign from his/ her party and remain politically neutral. This healthy convention is not fully established in India where the Speaker does not resign from the membership of his/ her party on his/her election to the exalted office.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly contrasts UK practice with India and states the Indian Speaker does not resign party membership on election.
  • Directly asserts the convention of resigning party membership is not established in India.
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Disqualifications > p. 227
Presence: 3/5
“A member incurs disqualification under the defection law: • 1. if he/she voluntarily gives up the membership of the political party on whose ticket he/she is elected to the House; • 2. if he/she votes or abstains from voting in the House contrary to any direction given by his/ her political party; • 3. if any independently elected member joins any political party; and • 4. if any nominated member joins any political party after the expiry of six months. The question of disqualification under the Thnth Schedule is decided by the Chairman in the case of Rajya Sabha and Speaker in the case of Lok Sabha (and not by the President of India).”
Why this source?
  • Lists 'voluntarily gives up the membership of the political party' as a ground for disqualification under the defection law.
  • Identifies the constitutional mechanism (Tenth Schedule) dealing with party membership and disqualification for Lok Sabha members.
Statement 3
Under the Constitution of India, can the Speaker of the House of the People (Lok Sabha) be removed from office by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the House?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
Presence: 5/5
“Election and Tenure The Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha from amongst its members (as soon as may be, after its first sitting). Whenever the office of the Speaker falls vacant, the Lok Sabha elects another member to fill the vacancy. The date of election of the Speaker is fixed by the President. Usually, the Speaker remains in office during the life of the Lok Sabha. However, he /she has to vacate his/ her office earlier in any of the following three cases: • 1. if he/ she ceases to be a member of the Lok Sabha;• 2. if he/she resigns by writing to the Deputy Speaker; and• 3. if he/she is removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority).”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly lists removal by a resolution as one of the three ways the Speaker may vacate office.
  • Specifies that such removal requires 'a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority)'.
Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
Presence: 5/5
“Election and Tenure The Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha from amongst its members (as soon as may be, after its first sitting). Whenever the office of the Speaker falls vacant, the Lok Sabha elects another member to fill the vacancy. The date of election of the Speaker is fixed by the President. Usually, the Speaker remains in office during the life of the Lok Sabha. However, he/she has to vacate his/her office earlier in any of the following three cases: • 1. if he/she ceases to be a member of the Lok Sabha; • 2. if he/she resigns by writing to the Deputy Speaker; and • 3. if he/she is removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority).”
Why this source?
  • Repeats the provision that the Speaker can be removed by a resolution passed by an effective majority.
  • Confirms the constitutional/tenure context for the Speaker's removal method.
Statement 4
Does the Constitution of India require at least fourteen days' notice before moving a resolution to remove the Speaker of the House of the People (Lok Sabha)?
Origin: Web / Current Affairs Fairness: CA heavy Web-answerable

Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Provided that no resolution for the purpose of clause (c) shall be moved unless at least fourteen days' notice has been given of the intention to move the resolution"
Why this source?
  • Text is from an official Part of the Constitution (MEA PDF) referring to removal of the Speaker.
  • Contains the proviso explicitly requiring 'at least fourteen days' notice' before moving the resolution to remove (clause (c)).
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"no resolution for the purpose of clause (c)shall be moved unless at least fourteen days‘ notice has been given of the intention to move the resolution:"
Why this source?
  • India Code PDF reproduction of the Constitution explicitly includes the same proviso.
  • Directly ties the 14‑day notice requirement to the intention to move a resolution (clause (c)) for removal.
Web source
Presence: 5/5
"Provided that no resolution for the purpose of clause (c) shall be moved unless at least fourteen days’ notice has been given of the intention to move the resolution:"
Why this source?
  • Constitution text version explicitly states the proviso in the article concerning Speaker/Deputy Speaker.
  • Shows the 14‑day notice requirement is a proviso to clause (c) (removal) of the relevant article.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 231
Strength: 5/5
“However, he/she may vacate his/ her office earlier in any of the following three cases: • 1. if he/ she ceases to be a member of the Lok Sabha;• 2. if he/she resigns by writing to the Speaker; and• 3. if he/ she is removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority). Such a resolution can be moved only after giving 14 days' advance notice. The Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the Speaker's office when it is vacant. He/ she also acts as the Speaker when the latter is absent from the sitting of the House.”
Why relevant

Specifically states that a resolution to remove the Deputy Speaker can be moved only after giving 14 days' advance notice.

How to extend

A student could use this explicit rule for the Deputy Speaker as a pattern to check whether a parallel provision exists for the Speaker (compare constitutional text or rules for both offices).

Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 231
Strength: 4/5
“However, he/she may vacate his/ her office earlier in any of the following three cases: • 1. if he/ she ceases to be a member of the Lok Sabha; • 2. if he/she resigns by writing to the Speaker; • 3. if he/ she is removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority). Such a resolution can be moved only after giving 14 days' advance notice. The Deputy Speaker performs the duties of the Speaker's office when it is vacant. He/ she also acts as the Speaker when the latter is absent from the sitting of the House.”
Why relevant

Duplicate citation (same text) reinforcing that removal of the Deputy Speaker requires 14 days' advance notice.

How to extend

Reinforces the pattern: look for symmetry in the Constitution or Lok Sabha Rules between Speaker and Deputy Speaker removal procedures.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
Strength: 4/5
“Election and Tenure The Speaker is elected by the Lok Sabha from amongst its members (as soon as may be, after its first sitting). Whenever the office of the Speaker falls vacant, the Lok Sabha elects another member to fill the vacancy. The date of election of the Speaker is fixed by the President. Usually, the Speaker remains in office during the life of the Lok Sabha. However, he /she has to vacate his/ her office earlier in any of the following three cases: • 1. if he/ she ceases to be a member of the Lok Sabha;• 2. if he/she resigns by writing to the Deputy Speaker; and• 3. if he/she is removed by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members of the Lok Sabha (i.e., an effective majority).”
Why relevant

Explains Speaker's removal is by a resolution passed by a majority of all then members (effective majority) but does not state any notice period.

How to extend

A student can note the similarity in removal method (resolution + effective majority) and then check whether the omission of a notice period here implies a different rule or that the notice requirement is found elsewhere (e.g., in rules of procedure).

Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
Strength: 3/5
“When a resolution for the removal of the Speaker is under consideration of the House, he/she cannot preside at the sitting of the House, though he/she may be present. However, he/she can speak and take part in the proceedings of the House at such a time and vote in the first instance, though not in the case of an equality of votes. It should be noted here that, whenever the Lok Sabha is dissolved, the Speaker does not vacate his/her office and continues till the newly-elected Lok Sabha meets. The tenure of the Speakers of the Lok Sabha (from first to present) is mentioned in Table 23.7.”
Why relevant

Notes procedural consequence when a resolution for removal of the Speaker is under consideration (Speaker cannot preside), indicating there are special procedural rules when such a resolution is moved.

How to extend

Suggests there are specific procedures for Speaker removal; a student could consult the Lok Sabha Rules or constitutional provisos to see if a prior notice requirement is one such procedure.

Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 17: Emergency Provisions > Revocation of Proclamation > p. 175
Strength: 3/5
“The 44th Amendment Act of 1978 also provided that, where one-tenth of the total number of members of the Lok Sabha give written notice to the Speaker (or to the President if the House is not in session), a special sitting of the House should be held within 14 days for the purpose of considering a resolution disapproving the continuation of the proclamation. A resolution of disapproval is different from a resolution approving the continuation of a proclamation in the following two respects: • 1. The first one is required to be passed by the Lok Sabha only, while the second one needs to be passed by both Houses of Parliament.• 2.”
Why relevant

Shows the 44th Amendment and other parliamentary provisions use a 14-day timeline (special sitting within 14 days) for certain motions, indicating 14-day periods appear in parliamentary practice.

How to extend

A student might treat the recurrence of a '14 days' timeline in other contexts as a clue to look for a similar timeframe in rules governing removal motions for high offices like the Speaker.

Pattern takeaway: UPSC loves defining majorities rather than naming them. Instead of saying 'Effective Majority', they wrote 'majority of all the then Members'. Learn the definitions, not just the labels. Also, beware of 'UK vs India' swaps in parliamentary procedure questions.
How you should have studied
  1. [THE VERDICT]: Sitter. Directly solvable from M. Laxmikanth (Chapter 23: Parliament). Statement II is a common trap contrasting UK vs India.
  2. [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: 'Presiding Officers of Parliament' — specifically the nuances of Vacancy, Resignation, and Removal (Article 94).
  3. [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the Removal Majorities: President (2/3 of Total Strength), VP/Speaker/Dy Speaker (Effective Majority i.e., >50% of 'Then' members), Judges (Special Majority). Also, check the '14-day notice' rule—it applies to President, VP, and Speaker removal resolutions.
  4. [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: When studying Constitutional bodies, always verify: Is this a written Article or a Convention? Statement II fails because it frames a UK convention as an Indian Constitutional provision. Always segregate 'Law' from 'Practice'.
Concept hooks from this question
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Speaker's continuity on Lok Sabha dissolution
💡 The insight

Explains that the Speaker remains in office after dissolution and vacates only immediately before the first meeting of the newly-elected Lok Sabha.

High-yield for polity questions on tenure and transitional arrangements; connects to constitutional provisions on continuity of authority during interregnum and to questions about which offices persist despite dissolution.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker Pro Tem > p. 232
🔗 Anchor: "According to the Constitution of India, does the Speaker of the House of the Peo..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Speaker Pro tem appointment and timing
💡 The insight

Relates to the vacancy created immediately before the first meeting of a newly-elected Lok Sabha and the consequent appointment of a Speaker Pro tem.

Important for questions on first-sitting procedures, presidential powers in constituting the initial Chair, and practical parliamentary functioning at the commencement of a new Lok Sabha.

📚 Reading List :
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker Pro Tem > p. 232
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker Pro Tem > p. 232
🔗 Anchor: "According to the Constitution of India, does the Speaker of the House of the Peo..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S1
👉 Grounds for Speaker vacating office
💡 The insight

Identifies constitutional grounds—ceasing to be a member, resignation, or removal—that can end the Speaker's tenure before the normal life of the Lok Sabha.

Essential for questions about removal and resignation procedures, effective majority concepts, and contrasts between ordinary tenure and early vacancy; useful across exams where office tenure and removal are tested.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
🔗 Anchor: "According to the Constitution of India, does the Speaker of the House of the Peo..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Speaker party membership convention (India vs UK)
💡 The insight

India does not follow the British convention of the Speaker resigning party membership; Indian Speakers typically retain party membership.

High-yield for constitutional polity questions comparing conventions and practices versus written provisions; connects to questions on parliamentary impartiality and comparative legislative norms. Enables answers on why practice may differ across Westminster-derived systems.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 231
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 231
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Constitution of India require a Member of the House of the People (Lok ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Election and tenure of Lok Sabha Speaker
💡 The insight

The Speaker is elected from among Lok Sabha members and has a defined tenure and modes of vacating office.

Core constitutional knowledge for UPSC polity: questions often ask about appointment, tenure, resignation and removal of presiding officers; links to parliamentary procedures and executive-president relations.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 230
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Constitution of India require a Member of the House of the People (Lok ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S2
👉 Anti-defection grounds — voluntary giving up of party membership
💡 The insight

Voluntarily giving up party membership is a constitutional ground for disqualification under the Tenth Schedule.

Essential for questions on party discipline, stability of governments and legal consequences of changing party affiliation; connects to Speaker's role in adjudicating disqualification petitions and to legislative majority issues.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Disqualifications > p. 227
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Disqualifications > p. 227
🔗 Anchor: "Does the Constitution of India require a Member of the House of the People (Lok ..."
📌 Adjacent topic to master
S3
👉 Removal of Lok Sabha Speaker — effective majority
💡 The insight

The Speaker can be removed from office by a resolution passed by a majority of all the then members (effective majority).

High-yield for polity questions on tenure and removal of key constitutional offices; links to concepts of different types of parliamentary majorities and to impeachment/removal procedures. Useful for answering direct-knowledge and comparison questions about constitutional office-holders.

📚 Reading List :
  • Indian Polity, M. Laxmikanth(7th ed.) > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
  • Laxmikanth, M. Indian Polity. 7th ed., McGraw Hill. > Chapter 23: Parliament > Speaker of Lok Sabha > p. 229
🔗 Anchor: "Under the Constitution of India, can the Speaker of the House of the People (Lok..."
🌑 The Hidden Trap

The 'Inverted Voting' Rule: Normally, the Speaker has a casting vote (only in a tie). However, when a resolution for their removal is under consideration, they can vote in the *first instance* but NOT in the case of a tie. This specific reversal is on the same page in Laxmikanth and is a future trap.

⚡ Elimination Cheat Code

Look at Statement II: 'According to the provisions of the Constitution... shall resign... immediately.' This is an extreme, rigid behavioral mandate. In Indian politics, party affiliation is the norm. If the Constitution mandated resignation, the Anti-Defection law (10th Schedule) wouldn't need a specific exemption for the Speaker. The existence of the exemption implies the resignation is voluntary, not mandatory.

🔗 Mains Connection

Link the Speaker's power to disqualify (Anti-Defection) with GS-2 'Separation of Powers'. The Supreme Court's ability to review the Speaker's decision (Kihoto Hollohan case) turns a static post into a dynamic Mains debate on judicial overreach vs legislative privilege.

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

IAS · 2004 · Q8 Relevance score: 4.31

Consider the following statements: 1. The Speaker of Lok Sabha has the power to adjourn the House sine die but, on prorogation, it is only the President who can summon the House. 2. Unless sooner dissolved or there is an extension of the term, there is an automatic dissolution of the Lok Sabha by efflux of time, at the end of the period of five years, even if no formal order of dissolution is issued by the President. 3. The Speaker of Lok Sabha continues in office even after the dissolution of the House and until ‘immediately before the first meeting of the House’. Which of the statements given above are correct?

IAS · 2018 · Q39 Relevance score: 4.25

Consider the following statements : 1. The Speaker of the Legislative Assembly shall vacate his/her office if he/she ceases to be a member of the Assembly. 2. Whenever the Legislative Assembly is dissolved, the Speaker shall vacate his/her office immediately. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

CAPF · 2013 · Q87 Relevance score: 4.04

Consider the following statements regarding termination of sitting of a House : 1. Only the House of the People is subject to dissolution. 2. The powers of dissolution and prorogation are exercised by the President on the advice of the Council of Ministers. 3. The power to adjourn the daily sittings of the House of the People and the Council of States belongs to the Speaker and the Chairman respectively. 4. The Parliament cannot be dissolved as it is a permanent chamber. Which of the statements given above are correct?

CDS-I · 2006 · Q118 Relevance score: 3.13

Consider the following statements 1. If the Legislative Assembly of a State in India is dissolved in mid-term, the Speaker vacantes his office. 2. When the Speaker of a Legi slat ive Assembly resigns, he addresses his letter to the Governor of the State. Which of the statements given above is/ are correct?

IAS · 2024 · Q93 Relevance score: 2.91

With reference to the Speaker of the Lok Sabha, consider the following statements : While any resolution for the removal of the lok sabha is under consideration 1. He/She shall not preside. 2. He/She shall not have the right to speak. 3. He/She shall not be entitled to vote on the resolution in the first instance. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?