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Q94 (IAS/2025) Science & Technology › Space & Defence Technology › Indian satellite navigation systems Answer Verified

GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation. Which of the following statements is/are correct in respect of GAGAN? I. It is designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity. II. It will allow more uniform and high quality air traffic management. III. It will provide benefits only in aviation but not in other modes of transportation. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

GAGAN is a satellite-based augmentation system and stands for GPS-aided GEO augmented navigation which is a joint project between ISRO and the Airports Authority of India.[1]

Statement I is correct: The main objectives of GAGAN are to provide Satellite-based Navigation services with accuracy and integrity required for civil aviation applications and to provide better Air Traffic Management over Indian Airspace.[2]

Statement II is correct: GAGAN will also provide the capability for increased accuracy in position reporting, allowing for more uniform and high-quality Air Traffic Management (ATM).[3]

Statement III is incorrect: While GAGAN has a primary role in aviation, there are also other applications (e.g. precision agriculture, marine and land transport, mapping/surveying).[4] This clearly shows that GAGAN's benefits extend beyond aviation to other modes of transportation and applications.

Therefore, only statements I and II are correct, making option D the right answer.

Sources
  1. [1] Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 14: Service Sector > Note: > p. 434
  2. [2] https://www.livemint.com/news/india/indigo-uses-new-indian-navigation-technology-gagan-to-land-passenger-aircraft-11651201034242.html
  3. [3] https://www.ursc.gov.in/navigation/gagan.jsp
  4. [4] https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2019/07/the-space-economy-in-figures_518092bf/c5996201-en.pdf
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PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) uses a system of ground stations to provide necessary augmentation. Which of the following sta…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Low / Borderline fairness Books / CA: 3.3/10 · 6.7/10
You're seeing a guest preview. The Verdict and first statement analysis are open. Login with Google to unlock all tabs.

A classic Science & Tech application question. While Statement I is textbook static (found in Singhania), Statement III is a 'logical trap' designed to be eliminated. You didn't need deep research on non-aviation uses; you just needed to know that GPS data is universal and rarely sector-exclusive.

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Is the GPS-Aided Geo Augmented Navigation (GAGAN) system designed to provide additional accuracy and integrity for satellite-based navigation?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 14: Service Sector > Note: > p. 434
Presence: 5/5
“*Note: • (1) GAGAN is a satellite-based augmentation system and stands for GPS-aided GEO augmented navigation which is a joint project between ISRO and the Airports Authority of India.• (2) NavIC is an autonomous regional satellite navigation system that provides accurate real-time positioning and timing services.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly names GAGAN as a 'satellite-based augmentation system' and expands the acronym to GPS-aided GEO augmented navigation.
  • The term 'augmentation' and the GPS focus imply it is intended to enhance GPS performance (accuracy/integrity) for users.
  • Notes the civil-aviation partnership (ISRO and Airports Authority of India), linking GAGAN to safety-critical navigation needs.
Indian Economy, Nitin Singhania .(ed 2nd 2021-22) > Chapter 14: Service Sector > SPACE SECTOR > p. 433
Presence: 4/5
“• According to ISRO, India has spent about US$1.8 billion on space programmes in 2019-20 while USA is the major player and has spent around US$19.5 billion in 2019-20. China spends around US$11 billion in 2019-20.• The three key focus areas of Indian space programme are: • Satellite communication. 1. Earth observation. 3. Satellite-aided navigation which includes GAGAN and NavIC*”
Why this source?
  • Places GAGAN within 'satellite-aided navigation' as a named component alongside NavIC.
  • Frames satellite-aided navigation as a core focus area of ISRO, supporting the purpose of systems that improve positioning services.
Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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SIMILAR QUESTIONS

CDS-II · 2014 · Q105 Relevance score: 4.49

Consider the following statements about GAGAN (GPS Aided Geo Augmented Navigation) system: 1. It offers free enhanced satellite navigation signals over India which are ten times more precise than GPS. 2. It was developed jointly by ISRO and NASA. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

NDA-I · 2022 · Q60 Relevance score: -2.24

Which one of the following statements with respect to Global Positioning System (GPS) is not correct?

CDS-I · 2012 · Q60 Relevance score: -3.35

Indian Space Research Organiza- tion and the Airport Authority of India have recently signed a memorandum of understanding to install a space-based augmen- tation system (SBAS) to render the Global Positioning System signal suitable for civil aviation over the Indian airspace. What is the name of the SBAS ?

NDA-II · 2014 · Q80 Relevance score: -3.74

Consider the following statements about Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS) : 1. IRNSS is a constellation of five satellites, which were launched by PSLV. 2. It is an independent regional navigation satellite system designed to provide position information in the Indian region. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

IAS · 2018 · Q61 Relevance score: -3.81

With reference to the Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS), consider the following statements : 1. IRNSS has three satellites in geostationary and four satellites in geosynchronous orbits. 2. IRNSS covers entire India and about 5500 sq. km beyond its borders. 3. India will have its own satellite navigation system with full global coverage by the middle of 2019. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?