UPSC Mains 2018 GS1 Q19 — Globalization and Society
‘Globalization is generally said to promote cultural homogenization but due to this cultural specificities appear to be strengthened in the Indian Society.’ Elucidate. (Answer in 250 words)
Question Decoded — examiner's intent
- Directive verbs
- Elucidate
- Scope keywords
- Globalizationcultural homogenizationcultural specificities appear to be strengthenedIndian Society
- Implicit sub-parts
- In what ways does globalization create a 'Global Culture' or MacDonaldisation in India?
- Why and how has the exposure to global culture triggered a 're-assertion' of local identities and traditions?
- What is the synthesis or 'Glocalization' where global and local coexist?
- Does this strengthening of specificity lead to revivalism or modernization of tradition?
- Common pitfalls
- Focusing too much on economic globalization (MNCs, trade) rather than the 'cultural' aspect demanded by the prompt.
- Presenting homogenization and strengthening of specificities as a binary choice rather than a simultaneous, dialectical process.
- Failing to provide specific Indian examples like the rise of Yoga, regional cinema's global reach, or the 'ethnic chic' fashion movement.
- Ignoring the negative side of 'strengthening specificities' such as rising communalism or narrow parochialism as a defensive reaction.
- Dimensions required
- Sociological (caste, religion, family structures)Linguistic (English vs. Vernacular resurgence)Culinary and Lifestyle (Fusion food, ethnic wear)Technological (Digital platforms amplifying local folk arts)Psychological (Identity crisis vs. Cultural pride)
- Marks allocation hint
Allocate approximately 50-60 words to explain the homogenization trend (the 'Global Village' concept). Dedicate the bulk of the answer (140-150 words) to elucidating the 'strengthening of specificities' through various Indian socio-cultural lenses. Reserve the final 40-50 words for a balanced conclusion on Glocalization and the resilient nature of Indian pluralism.
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