UPSC Mains 2015 GS3 Q19 — Left Wing Extremism
The persisting drives of the Government for development of large industries in backward areas have resulted in isolating the tribal population and the farmers who face multiple displacements. With Malkangiri and Naxalbari foci, discuss the corrective strategies needed to win the Left Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine affected citizens back into the mainstream of social and economic growth. (Answer in 200 words)
Question Decoded — examiner's intent
- Directive verbs
- discuss
- Scope keywords
- development of large industries in backward areasisolating the tribal population and the farmersmultiple displacementsMalkangiri and Naxalbari focicorrective strategiesLeft Wing Extremism (LWE) doctrine affected citizensmainstream of social and economic growth
- Implicit sub-parts
- Explain the causal link between industrial-led displacement and the rise of the LWE ideology.
- Briefly contextualize the historical significance of Naxalbari (origin) and Malkangiri (current hotspot) in the LWE narrative.
- Propose specific multidimensional corrective strategies (legal, developmental, and security) to address the 'trust deficit'.
- Define a roadmap for social and economic reintegration of marginalized groups into the mainstream.
- Common pitfalls
- Spending too much time on the history of the Naxalite movement instead of focusing on 'corrective strategies'.
- Treating LWE as a purely security/law-and-order problem rather than a socio-economic grievance issue.
- Failing to mention the 'multiple displacements' aspect, where families are uprooted more than once without proper rehabilitation.
- Providing generic development solutions without referencing the specific contexts of Malkangiri or the industrial-tribal conflict.
- Dimensions required
- Socio-economicLegislative/Rights-based (PESA, FRA 2006)Security-Development NexusEnvironmental/Resource GovernancePsychological/Trust-building
- Marks allocation hint
Spend approximately 50-60 words establishing the link between industrial displacement and isolation using the Malkangiri/Naxalbari context. Devote the bulk of the answer (100-110 words) to specific, actionable corrective strategies across the required dimensions. Use the final 30 words to conclude with a vision for inclusive growth.
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