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Q99
(NDA-II/2024)
History & Culture › Modern India (Pre-1857)
Official Key
Which one of the following statements about the Industrial Revolution is correct ?
Explanation
Option C is correct because James Watt transformed the steam engine from a limited-use pump into a versatile power source for industry. While earlier engines, like the Newcomen engine, were primarily used to pump water out of mines, Watt’s introduction of the separate condenser (1769) drastically improved efficiency. His later development of rotary motion allowed the engine to drive various factory machines, such as textile looms, which was a pivotal driver of the Industrial Revolution.
- Thomas Savery: Invented an early steam-powered pump called the 'Miner's Friend', not the astrolabe (an ancient astronomical tool).
- Thomas Newcomen: Invented the first practical atmospheric steam engine, not chemical dyes.
- Matthew Boulton: Was a manufacturer and Watt's business partner who helped commercialize the steam engine; he did not discover gold refining techniques.
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