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Who prepares/publishes the Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) report ?
1. World Bank and International Monetary Fund (IMF)
2. Oxford Poverty and World Health Organisation (WHO)
3. Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI)
4. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
Select the correct answer from the codes given below :
Explanation
The Global Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is an international measure of acute poverty covering over 100 developing countries. It was developed in 2010 by the Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative (OPHI) at the University of Oxford and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) for its flagship Human Development Report. The index identifies deprivations across three dimensions: Health, Education, and Standard of Living, using ten specific indicators. While the World Bank publishes data on monetary poverty (e.g., the $2.15-a-day line), the Global MPI is specifically a joint publication of OPHI and UNDP. Therefore, statements 3 and 4 are correct, making option D the right choice.