Option 1 states that both the assertion (A) and the reason (R) are individually true, and that R is the correct explanation of A. In this case, A claims that there was a country-wide agitation against the Simon Commission, while R states that the members of the Simon Commission discontinued their work in the face of the country-wide agitation. While both statements are true, they are not directly related as a cause and effect. The fact that the members of the Simon Commission discontinued their work does not necessarily mean that there was a country-wide agitation against them. Therefore, option 1 is incorrect.

Option 2 states that both A and R are individually true, but R is not the correct explanation of A. Based on the explanation above, this option is correct. The assertion A is true as there was indeed a country-wide agitation against the Simon Commission. However, the reason R is false, as the members of the Simon Commission discontinuing their work does not directly explain the country-wide agitation.

Option 3 states that A is true but R is false. This option correctly identifies that the assertion A is true, as there was a country-wide agitation against the Simon Commission. However, the reason R is false, as the members of the Simon Commission discontinuing their