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Option 1 states that both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, and R is the correct explanation of A. This means that the statement in A is true, and the statement in R provides a correct explanation for it.
Option 2 states that both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A. This means that although both statements are true, R does not provide a correct explanation for A.
Option 3 states that A is true but R is false. This means that the statement in A is true, but the statement in R is false.
Option 4 states that A is false but R is true. This means that the statement in A is false, but the statement in R is true.
The correct answer is option 2, which means that both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A. This implies that while the Harappan culture was an urban one (as stated in R), this does not necessarily mean that urbanization in ancient India was followed by pastoral life (as stated in A). The two statements are independent and not directly related.